In 2000, Tropheryma whipplei was finally identified as the cause of Whipple's disease, a
chronic condition with protean manifestations that was first described in 1907. This review …

The extra-articular complications of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) include ophthalmological
manifestations, which can, in some cases, be the first signs of the disease. These inflammatory …

Background: Cardiac involvement in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy has been recognised
as an important prognostic factor, but treatment remains empirical. Objective: To investigate …

Background Current standard therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic
polyangiitis combines corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide to induce remission, followed by a …

Background: Since testing for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) became
available for routine evaluation, no large homogeneous cohort of patients with the Churg–Strauss …

Objective. There is no effective treatment for patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (SS).
Since tumor necrosis factor (TNF) could be a key element in the pathogenesis of primary SS, …

Objective To evaluate treatment with methotrexate (MTX) in patients with newly diagnosed
giant cell arteritis (GCA) to determine if MTX reduces GCA relapses and cumulative …

Background More effective and safer treatments are needed for antineutrophil cytoplasmic
antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis. Methods We conducted a randomized trial with a 2-by…

Background: Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by
ocular and oral dryness or systemic manifestations. Objective: To evaluate efficacy and …

Importance Primary Sjögren syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by
mouth and eye dryness, pain, and fatigue. Hydroxychloroquine is the most frequently …