Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multicomponent condition
that is characterised by airflow obstruction that is not fully reversible and is a major global …

The Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate End-points (ECLIPSE)
study was a large 3-year observational controlled multicentre international study aimed at …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the end result of a series of dynamic and
cumulative gene–environment interactions over a lifetime. The evolving understanding of …

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex condition with
pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations. This study describes the heterogeneity of …

Background Because chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous
condition, the identification of specific clinical phenotypes is key to developing more effective …

Background A key feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an accelerated
rate of decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ), but data on the variability …

Comorbidities, are common in COPD, have been associated with poor outcomes and are
thought to relate to systemic inflammation. To investigate comorbidities in relation to systemic …

Rationale: Accurate prediction of mortality helps select patients for interventions aimed at
improving outcome. Objectives: Because chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is …

Interleukin-1 (IL-1), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), and their homologues are secreted
factors that share a common β-barrel structure and act on target cells by binding to cell surface …

Eosinophilic inflammation is thought to be a characteristic feature of asthma rather than
COPD. However, studies have shown that a subset of COPD patients with eosinophilic airway …