This European Respiratory Society statement provides a comprehensive overview on
protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) in children. A task force of experts, consisting of clinicians …

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
are frequently encountered in obese children. Whether OSAS and intermittent …

BACKGROUND: Spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1) is a progressive disease and is
usually fatal in the first year of life. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed of …

Recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) are a common clinical condition in children, in fact
about 25% of children under 1 year and 6% of children during the first 6 years of life have RRIs…

Objective To determine whether bariatric surgery is effective for the treatment of nonalcoholic
steatohepatitis (NASH) in adolescence, we compared the efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve …

As the global COVID-19 pandemic progresses, it is paramount to gain knowledge on
adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in children to define immune correlates of protection upon …

Long-term noninvasive respiratory support, comprising continuous positive airway pressure
(CPAP) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV), in children is expanding worldwide, with …

Background Improved technology, as well as professional and parental awareness, enable
many ventilator‐dependent children to live at home. However, the profile of this growing …

Rare variants in the T-box transcription factor 4 gene (TBX4) have recently been recognised
as an emerging cause of paediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH). Their pathophysiology …

Objectives Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is common in patients with Prader–Willi syndrome
(PWS) and systematic screening is recommended, especially before growth hormone …