Excessive airway obstruction is the cause of symptoms and abnormal lung function in asthma.
As airway smooth muscle (ASM) is the effecter controlling airway calibre, it is suspected …

Anticholinergics are widely used for the treatment of COPD, and to a lesser extent for asthma.
Primarily used as bronchodilators, they reverse the action of vagally derived acetylcholine …

Chronic asthma is an inflammatory airways disease characterized by pathological changes
in the airway smooth muscle (ASM) bundle that contribute to airway obstruction and …

Chronic inflammation in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease drives
pathological structural remodelling of the airways. Using tiotropium bromide, acetylcholine was …

Rationale: Recent findings have demonstrated that muscarinic M 3 receptor stimulation
enhances airway smooth muscle proliferation to peptide growth factors in vitro. Because both …

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by abnormal
extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover. Recently, activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway has …

… R. Gosens received support from the National Training Program in Allergy and Asthma and
is currently the recipient of a Marie Curie Outgoing International Fellowship (no. 008823). AJ …

Background Respiratory failure and thromboembolism are frequent in severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2–infected patients. Vitamin K activates both hepatic coagulation …

Wingless/integrase-1 (WNT) signaling is a key pathway regulating various aspects of
embryonic development; however it also underlies several pathological conditions in man, …

Asthma is an inflammatory airway disease that is estimated to affect 339 million people
globally. The symptoms of about 5–10% of patients with asthma are not adequately controlled …