The purpose of this brief report is to introduce new evidence showing that the protrudor and
retractor muscles of the tongue are co-activated during inspiration in eupnea and hyperpnea …

… Bailey EF, Janssen PL, Fregosi RF. PO2-dependent changes in intrinsic and extrinsic
tongue muscle activities in the rat. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 171: 1403–1407, 2005. …

1 The purpose of these experiments was to examine the mechanisms by which either co‐activation
or independent activation of tongue protrudor and retractor muscles influence upper …

Study Objectives: The Tucson Children's Assessment of Sleep Apnea study (TuCASA) is
designed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of objectively measured sleep-…

We examined the relationship between nocturnal respiratory disturbance and learning and
compared learning in children with and without nocturnal respiratory disturbance. Subjects …

1. Repeated carotid sinus nerve (CSN) stimulation evokes a serotonin‐dependent long‐term
facilitation (LTF) of phrenic nerve activity in cats. To determine whether CSN stimulation‐…

We tested the hypothesis that pharyngeal geometry and soft tissue dimensions correlate
with the severity of sleep-disordered breathing. Magnetic resonance images of the pharynx …

… Sullivan & RF Fregosi, unpublished observations). Thus, although our methods may influence
the quantitative assessment of tongue muscle force, our ability to determine whether the …

Background Whether or not isolated endurance training of the respiratory muscles improves
whole-body endurance exercise performance is controversial, with some studies reporting …

Study Objectives: This report describes clinical outcomes and threshold levels of respiratory
disturbance index (RDI) associated with sleep-disordered breathing in children participating …