Cellular senescence is characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest as well as a pro‐inflammatory
phenotype, thought to contribute to aging and age‐related diseases. Neutrophils …

In order to limit the adverse effects of excessive inflammation, anti-inflammatory responses
are stimulated at an early stage of an infection, but during sepsis these can lead to …

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) infection of the human small intestine induces
severe watery diarrhoea linked to a rather weak inflammatory response despite EPEC's in vivo …

Background Excessive use of empirical antibiotics is common in critically ill patients. Rapid
biomarker-based exclusion of infection may improve antibiotic stewardship in ventilator-…

The NFκB transcription factor is a key component of immune and inflammatory signaling as
its activation induces the expression of antimicrobial reagents, chemokines, cytokines, and …

Neutrophils express several heavily glycosylated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)‐related
glycoproteins (CD66 antigens) which have been implicated in adhesion to E‐selectin and as …

Mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) including monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs)
are critical innate immune effectors and initiators of the adaptive immune response. MPs …

Background Critically ill patients with impaired neutrophil phagocytosis have significantly
increased risk of nosocomial infection. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-…

Critical illness is accompanied by the release of large amounts of the anaphylotoxin, C5a.
C5a suppresses antimicrobial functions of neutrophils which is associated with adverse …

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) disease depends on the transfer of effector proteins
into epithelia lining the human small intestine. EPEC E2348/69 has at least 20 effector …