In the last decade, the analysis of bronchial biopsies and lung parenchyma obtained from
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients compared with those from smokers …

The main complaint of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is
shortness of breath with exercise, that is usually progressive. The principal mechanism that …

Although large surveys have documented the favourable safety profile of β 2 -adrenoceptor
agonists (β 2 -agonists) and, above all, that of the long-acting agents, the presence in the …

… cystic fibrosis (CF) since the previous Statement, possibly reflecting the established role of
exercise training in general CF … the treatment regimen for people with CF (259). Higher levels …

Though exercise training is part of most pulmonary rehabilitation programs, whether there is
a physiologic basis for increased exercise tolerance is unclear. We sought to determine …

Background—Nocturnal Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) occurs frequently in patients with
chronic heart failure (CHF), and it may be associated with sympathetic activation. The aim of …

To investigate the relationship between airflow limitation and airway inflammation in smokers,
we examined paraffin-embedded bronchial biopsies obtained from 30 smokers: 10 with …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with chronic ventilatory failure (CVF)
are more likely to develop exacerbations, which are an important determinant of health-…

To assess physiologic effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and positive
end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during noninvasive pressure support ventilation (PSV) in …

The expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB is an indicator of cellular activation and of inflammatory
mediator production. The aim of the present study was to characterise the expression …