Chest
Occupational and Environmental Lung DiseaseBronchial Responsiveness to Eucapnic Hyperventilation and Methacholine Following Exposure to Organic Dust
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
Twenty-two healthy, nonsmoking subjects (7 men; mean age, 24 years; range, 21 to 39 years) were exposed to dust for 3 h while weighing pigs in a swine confinement building. The subjects were nonatopic and nonasthmatic as determined by history and a questionnaire, and all denied ongoing respiratory infections. They had not previously been exposed to swine dust. All subjects gave their informed consent, and the study was approved by the ethics committee at the Karolinska Institute.
One week or 2
Results
The oral temperature increased from 36.5°C (range, 35.8 to 37.0°C) prior to exposure to 37.2°C (range, 36.7 to 37.9°C) after exposure (p < 0.001). Maximal temperature was, in most subjects, found between 7 h and 8 h after the beginning of exposure. Symptoms like shivering, headache, and malaise increased significantly (p ≤ 0.001), while muscle pain and nausea occurred only in exceptional cases. Also, stuffy and runny nose was reported. There were no significant differences between the two
Discussion
In the present study, we demonstrated an increase in the bronchial response to methacholine but not to eucapnic hyperventilation of dry air after exposure to organic dust in a swine confinement building. Seven hours after the beginning of exposure, bronchial responsiveness to methacholine increased approximately three doubling concentration steps in all subjects. We also confirmed that 3 h of exposure to swine dust causes increase in body temperature and symptoms such as shivering, headache,
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors thank Siw Siljerud, Fernado Acevedo, and Alexandra Ek for technical assistance.
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This study was supported by The Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation.