Original ArticleLung Volume and Ventilation Inhomogeneity in Preterm Infants at 15-18 Months Corrected Age
Section snippets
Methods
This study was designed as a prospective follow-up study of infant lung function at 15-18 months corrected age. The study design was approved by the Women's and Children's Health Service Research Ethics Committee. Written informed parental consent was obtained before enrollment.
Infants born at King Edward Memorial Hospital (KEMH) in Perth, Western Australia, between April 2005 and September 2006 were recruited for lung function studies at 15-18 months corrected age (i.e., 15-18 months after the
Baseline Characteristics and Test Occasion Details
As anticipated, there were significant differences in baseline characteristics between the preterm and term control infants, as well as between the preterm infants with and without BPD. Preterm infants were tested at marginally higher PMA but were lighter and had lower weight z-score, body mass index (BMI), and BMI z-score compared with term control infants; preterm infants with BPD had lower GA and birth weight but did not differ in body size or body proportions at test compared with preterm
Discussion
In this follow-up study, FRC at 15-18 months corrected age, and the increase in FRC from the newborn period to follow-up, were positively associated with maturity at birth and negatively associated with the duration of ventilation and exposure to postnatal corticosteroids after adjusting for length and length z-score at test. LCI and moment ratios at 15-18 months corrected age were unaltered by GA, duration of ventilation, and postnatal corticosteroids. These findings support current concepts
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2016, Respiratory Physiology and NeurobiologyCitation Excerpt :Hjalmarson and Sandberg found increased LCI in preterm compared to term infants; importantly, they further demonstrated a strong association between LCI and the severity of BPD in preterm infants measured at term corrected age using nitrogen washout technique (Hjalmarson and Sandberg, 2002, 2005). In contrast, several recent studies failed to confirm those associations (Schulzke et al., 2010; Latzin et al., 2009; Hulskamp et al., 2009). Besides differences in overall equipment setup and methodology, these conflicting results could potentially be explained by confounding factors such as the respiratory dead space to tidal volume ratio (VD/VT) which might influence the association between LCI and BPD: LCI is calculated as the number of lung turnovers (cumulative expired volume at the point where end-tidal inert gas concentration falls below 1/40th of the original concentration), divided by the functional residual capacity (FRC).
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Supported by a PMH Telethon Clinical Research Fellowship Grant (to S.M.S.), a PMH Research Foundation Grant (to G.L.H.), and a Raine Foundation Priming Grant (to J.J.P.). The authors declare no conflicts of interest.