Mechanisms of asthma and allergic inflammationRespiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory viruses during the first 3 months of life promote a local Th2-like response
Section snippets
Infected infants
In the RSV seasons of January to April 2000 and December 2000 to May 2001, the first 48 eligible infants ≤7 months of age with respiratory tract infection with RSV, influenza, or parainfluenza virus admitted to the emergency department at the Landspitali-University Hospital in Reykjavik were enrolled in the study. The virus infection was diagnosed by direct immunofluorescent staining of nasopharyngeal aspirate. The same doctor and nurse attended all infants. The infants had no history of
Results
The study cohort consisted of 98 infants ≤7 months of age. RSV infection was confirmed in 39 infants with median age of 2.0 (0.5-6.5) months and other viral infections in 9 infants (influenza A, n = 3; influenza B, n = 4; and parainfluenza 3, n = 2) 1.8 (1.0-3.0) months old. Fifty healthy infants with no history of infection 4.2 (2.8-7.0) months old were enrolled in the study as controls. The demographic and clinical data for all infants are shown in Table I. RSV-infected infants ≤3 months old
Discussion
In the current study, the cytokine and chemokine profiles and ECP in nasopharyngeal secretions were compared between infants with RSV infections, infants with other respiratory viral infections, and uninfected infants. Importantly, when the RSV-positive infants were analyzed according to age, ≤3 months and >3 months, the results revealed that infants infected with RSV during the first 3 months of life had elevated local production of the Th2-type cytokine IL-4. Interestingly, a similar Th2
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2019, Journal of PediatricsCitation Excerpt :Prior reports demonstrated an association between the frequency of viral detection and the magnitude of the COAST score, categorized as mild (1-4), moderate (5-9), and severe disease (>9), which validated that the score was indeed identifying viral respiratory infections.18,23 RSV infection causes more severe respiratory illness with a higher rate of hospitalization than other viral respiratory infections in infants.24-26 Houben et al found that term infants with RSV infection had greater disease severity using the COAST score than infants with other viral infections providing preliminary validation of the score.27
Asthma and viral infections: An intricate relationship
2019, Annals of Allergy, Asthma and ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :Impaired type I interferon expression likely contributes to asthma by allowing uncontrolled replication of viral infections and by leaving TH2 inflammation unchecked; however, this assertion has not been well proved. In fact, although some studies have supported the idea that there is decreased interferon expression in patients with asthma,35,59,60,62,63 others have disputed this finding.64,65 It is believed, however, that there is at least a subgroup of patients with asthma who have impaired type I interferon responses.
Supported by the Science Fund of the Icelandic Research Council, the Research Fund of Landspitali-University Hospital, the Faculty of Medicine, Göteborg University, the Swedish Asthma and Allergy Association, and the Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences and Allergy Research.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.