Original articleShort-chain fatty acids produced by anaerobic bacteria alter the physiological responses of human neutrophils to chemotactic peptide
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2020, Journal of Chromatography ACitation Excerpt :The anaerobic bacteria (strict or facultative) generate energy for vital activities by directly consuming the supplemented carbohydrates through fermentation under a low-oxygen or oxygen-free atmosphere [29]. It is during this step the organic acids were accumulated as end-products in the cultures of anaerobic bacteria [22–26] or in human intestine where anaerobic bacteria comprise parts of the normal gut microflora [30–32]. The organic acids produced by some clinically relevant anaerobes as well as their pKa values were summarized in Table 1 from the literature [22,24].
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2017, ImmunityCitation Excerpt :Mucosal mast cells (Karaki et al., 2006) and neutrophils (Le Poul et al., 2003) also express GPR43. In neutrophils, bacterial-derived SCFAs enhance chemotaxis (Eftimiadi et al., 1987), and propionate induces degranulation (Carretta et al., 2013). Activation of GPR109A reduces intestinal inflammation and colon cancer susceptibility in mice (Singh et al., 2014).
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2016, PharmaNutritionCitation Excerpt :Short-chain fatty acids exert several effects on the immune cells. Changes in cytoplasmic pH value, an increase in intracellular calcium concentration, increased oxygen consumption, phagocytosis, an increased rate of cell proliferation, increased actin distribution for the formation of the cytoskeleton, an increased granulocyte motility and an enhanced level of chemotaxis could be observed in a study in which short-chain fatty acids were administered to leukocytes [231,236–238]. Short-chain fatty acids are thus capable of inducing a large number of immunological functions of leukocytes, with the exception of the cell adhesion [239].
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This work has been supported by CNR Grants no. 84.02044.52 Progetto finalizzato ‘Controlle delle Malattie da Infezione’ and no. CT 84.01722.04.