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Aging of the Lungs in Asymptomatic Lifelong Nonsmokers: Findings on HRCT

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Abstract

Purpose

To report lung parenchymal findings on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in a population of asymptomatic, never-smoker urban dwellers aged 65 years and older.

Materials and Methods

After institutional approval, asymptomatic older patients from the Geriatrics Outpatient Clinic aged 65 years and older (older group) and healthy volunteers aged 30–50 years (younger group) were invited to participate in the study. Asymptomatic, never-smoker subjects considered free of relevant disease after spirometry and echocardiography underwent chest HRCT. Three researchers reviewed every scan, noting the absence/presence and distribution of pre-specified parenchymal findings. Statistical comparisons between groups were performed using appropriate tests with the aid of software.

Results

Forty-seven older and 24 younger subjects were included in this analysis. A higher proportion of women and a longer history of urban dwelling were present in the older group. Parenchymal findings were more prevalent in the older group (78.7 vs. 25 % in the younger group; p < 0.001). Parenchymal bands (59.6 vs. 25 %; p = 0.007), ground-glass opacities (25.5 vs. 0 %; p = 0.006), and septal lines (21.3 vs. 0 %; p = 0.013) were more prevalent in the elderly. When only subjects aged 75 years and older were considered as the older group, micronodules, reticular opacities, cysts, and bronchiectases (19.1 vs. 0 % for all comparisons; p = 0.04) were also more frequently found among the elderly.

Conclusion

Parenchymal bands, ground-glass opacities, septal lines, bronchiectasis, micronodules, reticular opacities, and lung cysts were more prevalent among the elderly.

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Abbreviations

BMI:

Body mass index

CT:

Computed tomography

DNS:

Did not show

FEV1 :

Forced expired volume in the first second

FVC:

Forced vital capacity

HRCT:

High-resolution computed tomography

HU:

Hounsfield unit

mMRC:

Modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale

PFT:

Pulmonary function testing

UIP:

Usual interstitial pneumonia

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Conflict of interest

All the authors report no potential conflicts of interest.

Funding

The present study was funded by the CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico). The funding source had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

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Correspondence to Daniel H. Winter.

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Winter, D.H., Manzini, M., Salge, J.M. et al. Aging of the Lungs in Asymptomatic Lifelong Nonsmokers: Findings on HRCT. Lung 193, 283–290 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-015-9700-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-015-9700-3

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