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Angiogenic Factors and Angiogenesis Inhibitors in Exudative Pleural Effusions

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Abstract

The angiogenesis system has been implicated in inflammatory and neoplastic processes; nevertheless, it has been little studied in relation to the pleural space. Our aim is to analyze pleural and plasma levels of the activators-vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblastic growth factor, and inhibitors-endostatin and thrombospondin-1 and to estimate the association between these factors and related biochemical markers. We analyzed pleural fluid from 105 patients with one of the following types of pleural effusion: empyema or complicated parapneumonic, non-complicated parapneumonic, tuberculous, neoplastic and transudative. Angiogenesis activators were higher in exudates than in transudates (p < 0.001) and in empyema than in non-complicated parapneumonic patients (p < 0.001). Endostatin showed no significant differences. Trombospondin-1 showed higher levels in exudates than in transudates and in empyema than in non-complicated parapneumonic effusions (p < 0.001). In pleural exudates there was a positive correlation of angiogenesis activators and trombospondin-1 with low glucose and pH and high LDH. There was no correlation between pleural and plasma levels of the angiogenesis factors. We conclude that exudative pleural effusions showed higher vascular endothelial growth factor, basic-fibroblastic growth factor and trombospondin-1 values than transudative effusions -that associated to low glucose and pH, and high LDH. There was no correlation between pleural and plasma concentrations, suggesting a compartmentalized response.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Olga Merino, nursing supervisor, Francisco Vivas and Pilar Gutierrez, nurses, for their participation. They also thank Celine Carvallo for linguistic advice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Tomás Fernández de Sevilla, Barcelona, Spain

    Eva Ruiz MD, Carmen Alemán MD, José Alegre MD, Ana Vázquez Ph, Teresa Soriano Ph & Tomás Fernández de Sevilla MD

  2. Haemostasis Hospital General Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain

    Jasone Monasterio MD

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Biochemical, Hospital General Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain

    Eva Ruiz MD & Rosa Ma Segura PhD

  4. Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Hospital General Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain

    Lluis Armadans MD

  5. Eva Ruiz, C/Salva48 1°2°, Barcelona, 08004, Spain

    Eva Ruiz MD

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  1. Eva Ruiz MD
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Correspondence to Eva Ruiz MD.

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Supported in part by FIS Grant 01/1408

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Ruiz, E., Alemán, C., Alegre, J. et al. Angiogenic Factors and Angiogenesis Inhibitors in Exudative Pleural Effusions. Lung 183, 185–195 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-004-2533-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-004-2533-0

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