| Subjects n | SF-36 PCS | AQ20 | LHFQ (total) | ||||
| Mean | p-value# | Mean | p-value# | Mean | p-value# | ||
| WHO functional class | |||||||
| I | 23 | 45.7 | <0.001 | 3.3 | <0.001 | 16.8 | <0.001 |
| II | 99 | 38.1 | 7.1 | 35.5 | |||
| III | 135 | 29.9 | 9.7 | 56.2 | |||
| IV | 18 | 21.3 | 12.2 | 69.4 | |||
| 6MWD m¶ | |||||||
| >425 | 71 | 38.7 | <0.001 | 6.7 | <0.002 | 34.4 | <0.001 |
| >375–425 | 58 | 34.7 | 7.7 | 41.0 | |||
| >275–375 | 66 | 32.5 | 9.6 | 53.7 | |||
| ≤275 | 63 | 28.3 | 9.6 | 54.7 | |||
| BDI¶ | |||||||
| 0–1 | 77 | 40.7 | <0.001 | 5.3 | <0.001 | 30.8 | <0.001 |
| 2 | 58 | 36.3 | 8.1 | 42.2 | |||
| 3 | 71 | 30.0 | 9.6 | 50.6 | |||
| ≥4 | 52 | 25.3 | 11.5 | 65.4 | |||
Data are shown for 275 visits with complete data for all three QoL instruments. Higher scores indicate better QoL for the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and worse QoL for the Airways Questionnaire 20 (AQ20) and the Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (LHFQ). Generalised estimating equations were used to account for repeated measures data. WHO: World Health Organization; 6MWD: 6-min walking distance; BDI: Borg dyspnoea index. #: based on F-test for trend; ¶: data missing for 17 visits.