Table 6– Prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality of patients with acute exacerbation

Parameters	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Univariate logistic analysis
Age	1.022 (0.969–1.078)	ns
Male sex	1.455 (0.543–3.895)	ns
Disease duration	0.994 (0.977–1.011)	ns
Steroid with/without cytotoxic agent use^#	0.828 (0.353–1.943)	ns
Duration^¶	1.142 (0.932–1.399)	ns
Last dose^¶	1.034 (0.990–1.081)	ns
Duration of dyspnoea	0.939 (0.902–0.978)	0.003
Documented fever	2.364 (0.799–6.989)	ns
Sputum production	1.705 (0.684–4.252)	ns
P_a,O₂/F_I,O₂	0.989 (0.983–0.996)	0.001
CRP	1.087 (1.009–1.172)	0.029
BAL
Total cells	0.998 (0.992–1.003)	ns
Lymphocytes	0.905 (0.826–0.992)	0.033
Neutrophils	1.055 (0.996–1.118)	0.070
Multivariate logistic analysis
CRP	2.467 (1.030–5.911)	0.043
BAL lymphocytes	0.869 (0.737–1.024)	0.093

P_a,O₂: arterial oxygen tension; F_I,O₂: inspiratory oxygen fraction; CRP: C-reactive protein; BAL: bronchoalveolar lavage; ns: nonsignificant. ^#: within 30 days prior to rapid deterioration; ^¶: steroid treatment.