Table 2– Estimated case fatality of a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation

First author [ref.]	Patients n	Estimated mean case fatality % (95% CI)
Connors 15	1016	17.2 (11.5–23.1)
Vestbo 16	487	12.3 (5.8–18.4)
Groenewegen 17	171	17.7 (10.2–25.8)
Gunen 18	205	16.7 (7.9–25.4)
McGhan 19	54269	11.4 (10.6–12.2)
Brekke 20	996	19.0 (18.7–19.3)^¶
Overall estimate^#		15.6 (10.9–20.3)

^#: Overall weighted average case fatality based on random effects analysis; ^¶: based on patient level data.