| Chest pain |
| Feeling tense |
| Blurred vision |
| Dizzy spells |
| To be confused, losing touch with environment |
| Accelerated or deepened breathing |
| Shortness of breath |
| Constricted chest |
| Bloated abdominal sensation |
| Tingling fingers |
| Unable to breath deeply |
| Stiffness of fingers or arms |
| Tightness around the mouth |
| Cold hands or feet |
| Palpitations |
| Feeling of anxiety |
Each item scores 0 (never) to 4 (very often) points. When the Nijmegen Questionnaire score is ≥23, the diagnosis of dysfunctional breathing is 80% certain. Modified from 65 with permission from the publisher.