Table 3—

Pre- and post-bronchodilator of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) according to smoking status in the tiotropium and control groups

Patient characteristic	Tiotropium		Control		Difference***
	Subjects n	FEV₁ mL	Subjects n	FEV₁ mL
Pre-bronchodilator FEV₁
Day 1
Continuing smokers	308	1220±20	301	1220±20
Intermittent smokers	738	1130±10	655	1160±20
Continuing ex-smokers	1448	1090±10	1407	1080±10
Month 1
Continuing smokers	305	1340±10	298	1240±10	103
Intermittent smokers	735	1240±10	649	1170±10	68
Continuing ex-smokers	1433	1190±00	1390	1100±00	93
Month 48
Continuing smokers	199	1160±20	192	1040±20	127
Intermittent smokers	542	1110±10	473	1050±10	55
Continuing ex-smokers	1036	1110±10	915	1010±10	97
Post-bronchodilator FEV₁
Day 1
Continuing smokers	312	1460±20	303	1460±30
Intermittent smokers	741	1360±20	662	1390±20
Continuing ex-smokers	1463	1310±10	1409	1300±10
Month 1
Continuing smokers	309	1560±10	302	1470±10	85
Intermittent smokers	733	1440±10	653	1400±10	36
Continuing ex-smokers	1457	1380±10	1400	1340±10	44
Month 48
Continuing smokers	205	1330±20	190	1240±20	90
Intermittent smokers	540	1270±10	473	1240±10	30^#
Continuing ex-smokers	1042	1260±10	914	1210±10	50

Data are presented as mean±sem, unless otherwise indicated. ^#: p = 0.053. ***: p<0.001 for all differences (tiotropium–control), unless otherwise indicated.