Table 1—

General characteristics of children with obstructive sleep apnoea(OSA) and healthy controls

	Control	Mild OSA	Moderate-to-severe OSA
Subjects n	115	106	34
Age yrs	7.81±1.44	7.65±1.55	7.20±1.69
Males %	55.7	60.4	61.8
Caucasian %	64.3	61.3	55.9
BMI Z-score	1.15±1.22**	1.32±1.39^§	1.97±1.1^##
Log AHI	-0.39±0.27** (0.40±0.27)	0.30±0.20^§ (2.23±1.02)	1.13±0.27^ƒ (16.60±11.05)
S_a,O₂ nadir %	92.2±5.2**	89.7±5.2^§	81.1±9.4^##
Respiratory arousal index events·h⁻¹	5.2±7.3	6.9±7.8	8.3±5.2
Total cholesterol^# mg·dL⁻¹	159.3±25.1*	168.2±27.2	181.3±44.8^ƒ
HDL cholesterol^# mg·dL⁻¹	50.1±10.2	52.6±11.6	49.0±12.7
LDL cholesterol^# mg·dL⁻¹	92.6±22.9*	100.2±22.6	110.1±37.5
Triglycerides^# mg·dL⁻¹	82.7±43.1*	76.1±35.1	111.2±78.0
Peak hyperaemic response^# s	36.8±21.1	36.6±19.6	41.9±24.4
Log IL-6^¶ (pg·mL⁻¹)	-0.22±0.51* (0.98±0.95)	-0.13±0.45 (1.16±1.26)	0.13±0.30^ƒ (1.78±1.63)
Log hsCRP⁺ (mg·dL⁻¹)	-0.17±0.41** (1.16±1.57)	-0.10±0.44 (1.51±2.35)	0.27±0.36^## (2.54±2.02)
Log MRP8/14 (μg·mL⁻¹)	-0.11±0.34** (1.02±0.85)	-0.00±0.31^§ (1.27±0.87)	0.18±0.23^## (1.73±0.92)

Data are presented as mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. Log data are presented as log (absolute) mean±sd. BMI; body mass index; AHI: apnoea/hypopnoea index; S_a,O₂: arterial oxygen saturation; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; IL: interleukin; hsCRP: high sensitivity C-reactive protein; MRP8/14: myeloid-related protein 8/14. ^#: data were acquired in 134 children; ^¶: includes 72 children; ⁺: includes 112 children; ^§: p<0.05, controls versus mild OSA; ^ƒ: p<0.05, controls versus moderate-to-severe OSA; ^##: p<0.01, controls versus moderate-to-severe OSA. *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, differences between three groups (ANOVA test).