Effects of the intervention on changes in outcome variables from baseline at different time intervals during the 2-yr study period
| Estimated effect of training | ||||||
| 18–24 months | p-value | 3–6 months | p-value | 12 months | p-value | |
| ΔV′O2,peak mL·min−1·kg−1 | 3.73±1.23 | 0.002 | 2.04±1.00 | 0.041 | 0.70±1.18 | 0.551 |
| Control | -1.25 | 0.18 | 0.01 | |||
| Intervention | 2.48 | 2.22 | 0.71 | |||
| ΔWmax W·kg−1 | 0.37±0.11 | 0.001 | 0.25±0.11 | 0.033 | 0.19±0.11 | 0.078 |
| Control | -0.06 | -0.08 | 0.02 | |||
| Intervention | 0.31 | 0.17 | 0.21 | |||
| ΔVigorous physical activity h·week−1 | 1.63±0.82 | 0.047 | 1.05±0.87 | 0.225 | 2.08±2.00 | 0.299 |
| Control | -2.47 | -1.12 | -1.29 | |||
| Intervention | -0.84 | -0.06 | 0.79 | |||
| ΔSum of four skinfolds mm | -7.10±3.20 | 0.027 | -1.19±1.92 | 0.536 | -5.68±2.63 | 0.031 |
| Control | 2.63 | -0.41 | 0.74 | |||
| Intervention | -4.47 | -1.60 | -4.94 | |||
| ΔFVC (% pred) | 6.06±2.87 | 0.035 | 0.50±2.45 | 0.837 | 2.71±3.61 | 0.453 |
| Control | -6.44 | -1.32 | -3.15 | |||
| Intervention | -0.38 | -0.82 | -0.44 | |||
| ΔSubjective health perception | 9.89±4.72 | 0.036 | 9.91±4.60 | 0.031 | -2.31±6.71 | 0.730 |
| Control | -10.73 | -5.68 | -0.76 | |||
| Intervention | -0.85 | 4.23 | -3.07 | |||
Data are presented as mean±se or mean, unless otherwise stated. ΔV′O2,peak: change in peak oxygen uptake from baseline; ΔWmax: change in maximal workload during an incremental cycling task; ΔFVC: change in forced vital capacity from baseline, % pred: % predicted. The reported effects are estimated regression coefficients and their asymptotic standard errors. Positive values indicate that the intervention group had a larger increase or a smaller decrease in the respective parameter than the control group. Mean changes from baseline for the control group and the intervention group are also given for each time period in the study.