Exacerbation outcomes according to smoking status in the tiotropium and control groups
| Subjects n | Hazard ratio (tiotropium/control) for exacerbations | Exacerbations per patient-yr n | Rate ratio (tiotropium/control) for number of exacerbations per patient-yr | |||||
| Estimate | 95% CI | Control | Tiotropium | Estimate | 95% CI | |||
| All exacerbations | ||||||||
| Continuing smokers | 846 | 0.80 | 0.67–0.95 | 0.77 | 0.67 | 0.87 | 0.72–1.04 | |
| Intermittent smokers | 1545 | 0.89 | 0.79–1.00 | 0.76 | 0.69 | 0.90 | 0.80–1.01 | |
| Continuing ex-smokers | 3534 | 0.85 | 0.79–0.92 | 0.83 | 0.69 | 0.83 | 0.77–0.90 | |
| Exacerbation-related hospitalisations | ||||||||
| Continuing smokers | 846 | 0.91 | 0.68–1.21 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.99 | 0.67–1.46 | |
| Intermittent smokers | 1545 | 0.82 | 0.68–0.99 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.87 | 0.68–1.11 | |
| Continuing ex-smokers | 3534 | 0.87 | 0.77–0.99 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.97 | 0.82–1.15 | |