Table 4—

Mean total 2-yr costs (in 2007 euros) per patient for different categories of resource use after multiple imputation

INTERCOM#Usual careDifference95% CI
General practitioner163175-12-59–36
Specialist570610-40-178–101
Physiotherapist12902651025882–1167
Dietician70205024–77
Respiratory nurse14722125106–145
Hospital admissions29443353-408-2084–1365
Diet nutrition32031290118–486
Prescribed medication35323318214-239–667
Oxygen use19657139-13–304
Other direct medical costs+29112148763-1207–2909
Subtotal direct healthcare costs1214599982147-1091–5649
Costs paid by the patient§423486-63-472–269
Subtotal direct costs12568104842084-1198–5614
Productivity costs997330667-124–1566
Total costs13565108142751-631–6372
  • INTERCOM: INTERdisciplinary COMmunity-based chronic obstructive pulmonary disease management programme. #: n = 87; : n = 88; +: other direct medical costs included costs of visits to other therapists, alternative therapists, social workers and psychologists, home care, ambulance transportation, pulmonary rehabilitation, psychiatric hospital admissions and medical devices; §: costs paid by the patient included costs of over the counter medication, paid and unpaid household help and travel expenses.