Table 27—

Recommendations for pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH) associated with portal hypertension

StatementClass#Level
Echocardiographic screening for the detection of PH is recommended in symptomatic patients with liver diseases and/or in candidates for liver transplantationIB
In patients with PAH associated with portal hypertension the same treatment algorithm as in patients with IPAH should be considered, taking into consideration comorbiditiesIIaC
Anticoagulation is not recommended in patients with increased risk of bleedingIIIC
Significant PAH is a contraindication to liver transplantation if pa is ≥35 mmHg and/or PVR is ≥250 dynes·s−1·cm−5IIIC
  • PH: pulmonary hypertension; IPAH: idiopathic PAH; pa: mean pulmonary arterial pressure; PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance. #: class of recommendation; : level of evidence.