Concordance of the interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) and the tuberculin skin test (TST) for the screening of tuberculosis infection in the immunomediated inflammatory disease population
| Study | Country | IGRA kind | Subjects n | BCG % | Indeterminate % | κ | Concordant results | Discordant results | ||
| TST+/IGRA+ | TST-/IGRA- | TST-/IGRA+ | TST+/IGRA- | |||||||
| Cobanoglu 21 | Turkey | QFT-GIT | 68 cases38 controls | 100 | 10.35.3 | 0.14-0.05 | 8 (13.1)0 | 23 (37.7)23 (63.8) | 1 (1.6)1 (2.8) | 29 (47.5)12 (33.3) |
| Sellam# 22 | France | ELISPOT¶ | 35 cases33 controls | 100 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Matulis+ 23 | Switzerland | QFT-GIT | 142 | 83 | 6 | 0.16 | 10 (7) | 60 (44.7) | 5 (3.5) | 34 (25.4) |
| Pratt 24 | UK | QFT-GIT | 101 | 78.5 | 9.9 | NA§ | NA§ | NA§ | NA§ | |
| Kobashi§ 25 | Japan | QFT-G | 252 | 60.3 | 12.6 | 0.29 | 30 (13.6) | 120 (54.5) | 6 (2.8) | 64 (29.1) |
| Dinser 26 | Germany | Flow cytometric assay | 97 | 5.1 | 0 | 0.31 | 6 (6.2) | 74 (76.3) | 10 (10.3) | 7 (7.2) |
| Ponce de Leon 27 | Peru | QFT-GIT | 101 cases93 controls | 80.280.6 | 1.90 | 0.370.55 | 21 (20.8)16 (17.2) | 50 (49.5)61 (65.6) | 24 (23.8)5 (5.4) | 6 (5.9)11 (11.8) |
| Vassiloupolos 28 | Greece | T-SPOT TB | 70 | 40 | 0 | 0.38 | 12 (17.1) | 39 (55.7) | 4 (5.7) | 15 (21.5) |
| Bocchino 29 | Italy | QFT-GITT SPOT TB | 6969 | 2.82.8 | 2.85.8 | 0.570.48 | 14 (20.9)12 (18.5) | 41 (61.2)39 (60) | 8 (11.9)9 (13.8) | 4 (6)5 (7.7) |
| Greenber 30 | USA | QFT-G | 61 cases42 controls | 27.823.3 | 11.52.4 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Present data | Italy | QFT-GIT | 398 | 4.1 | 1.5 | 0.55 | 39 (10) | 306 (77.8) | 13 (3.3) | 35 (8.9) |
BCG: bacillus Calmette–Guérin; +: positive; -: negative; QFT-GIT: QuantiFERON®-TB Gold in-tube (culture filtrate protein (CFP)-10, early secreted antigenic target (ESAT)-6 and tuberculosis-7; Cellestis Limited, Carnegie, Australia); ELISPOT: enzyme-linked immunospot; QFT-G: QuantiFERON®-TB Gold (CFP-10 and ESAT-6, Carnegie); NA: not available. #: no direct comparison between the two tests. ¶: home-made ELISPOT with antigens CFP-10 and ESAT-6. +: TST analysed retrospectively. The median time between performing the TST and the QFT-GIT assay was 102 days (range 7–184). §: nonhomogeneous population including different underlying diseases (74 subjects had malignant diseases, 72 subjects were undergoing immunosuppressive treatment with steroids and/or tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitors, 52 subjects had diabetes mellitus, 50 subjects had chronic renal failure, four subjects had HIV infection). T-SPOT TB manufactured by Oxford Immunotec, Abingdon, UK.