Demographic characteristics between children with and without immunoglobulin(Ig)E measurements at age 6 yrs by study
| LISA | GINI | |
| Dog ownership at age 6 | ||
| Yes | 105/211 (50) | 216/446 (48) |
| No | 1083/1977 (55) | 1739/3411 (51) |
| Parental history of asthma, eczema or hay fever | ||
| Yes | 460/1272 (36)* | 766/2951 (26)* |
| No | 655/1585(41) | 1179/2946 (40) |
| Parental education level# | ||
| High | 554/1263 (44)* | 757/1957 (39)* |
| Medium | 446/1191 (37) | 686/1930 (36) |
| Low | 1827606 (30) | 517/2060 (35) |
| Environmental tobacco smoke at home up to age 6 | ||
| Yes | 396/1049 (38)* | 780/2021 (39)* |
| No | 762/1378 (55) | 1080/2050 (53) |
Data are presented as n/N (%), where n is the number of children who had IgE measurement at age 6 and N is the total number of children at age 6 yrs. LISA: Influences of Lifestyle Related Factors on the Human Immune System and Development of Allergies in Childhood; GINA: German Infant Nutritional Intervention Programme. #: categorised according to the German educational system as less than, equal to and more than grade 10 for high, medium and low, respectively; the highest education level from the parents was recorded. *: p<0.05 from the Chi-squared test.