Subject characteristics
| Subjects n | 17 |
| Males n | 7 |
| Age yrs | 61.0±11.5 (45–78) |
| BMI kg·m−2 | 23.7±3.3 |
| Smoking history n | |
| Never-smoker | 8 |
| Ex-smoker | 5 |
| Current smoker | 4 |
| Atopy | 9 (52.9) |
| Disease duration yrs | 22.2±16.6 |
| Asthma control test score | 18.4±4.3 |
| Anti-asthmatic drugs use | |
| Inhaled corticosteroid | 17 (100) |
| Oral corticosteroid | 4 (23.5) |
| LABA | 11 (64.7) |
| Theophylline | 6 (35.3) |
| Leukotriene receptor antagonist | 11 (64.7) |
| FVC L | 2.83±0.80 |
| FEV1 L | 1.68±0.69 |
Data are presented as mean±sd (range), mean±sd or n (%), unless otherwise stated. BMI: body mass index; LABA: long-acting β2-agonist; FVC: forced vital capacity; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second.