First author [Ref.] | Trial length | Outcome | Rx/CL | Outcome data | Comments |
Casanova 11 | 1 yr | Acute exacerbations at 3 months % | Rx | 52 | Greater increase in acute exacerbations in control group |
CL | 57 | ||||
Acute exacerbations at 12 months % | Rx | 66 | Number of hospital admissions significantly less in the bilevel versus control group at 3 months*; however, not sustained at 12 months | ||
CL | 77 | ||||
Hospital admissions at 3 months % | Rx | 5* | |||
CL | 15 | ||||
Hospital admissions at 12 months % | Rx | 18 | |||
CL | 19 | ||||
Intubations at 3 months % | Rx | 2 | |||
CL | 16 | ||||
Intubations at 12 months % | Rx | 6 | |||
CL | 10 | ||||
Clini 23 | 2 yrs | Hospital admission rate % reduction at 3 months | Rx | 45 | Hospital admission reduction in the Rx group (45%) and increase in the control group (27%) |
Hospital admission rate % reduction at 12 months | Rx | 18 | |||
ICU admission days·patient−1·yr | Rx | 0.2±0.4 | |||
CL | 0.4±0.8 |
Data are presented as mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. Rx: treatment; CL: control; ICU: intensive care unit. *: p<0.05.