Baseline patient characteristics
| Controls | COPD | LVRS | |
| Subjects n | 76 | 48 | 30 |
| Age yrs | 44.5±11.8 | 49.8±8.2 | 59.0±10.0 |
| Sex M/F | 52/24 | 32/16 | 16/14 |
| BMI kg·m−2 | 25±3 | 23±3 | 22±3 |
| FEV1 % pred | 93±4 | 38±17 | 25±7 |
| FEV1/VC | 0.87±0.08 | 0.31±0.10 | 0.28±0.06 |
| TLC L | 7.04±1.39 | 7.54±1.51 | |
| RV L | 3.37±1.44 | 4.93±1.31 | |
| DL,CO % pred | 95±10 | 51±19 | 40±10 |
Data are presented as n or mean±sd. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LVRS: lung volume reduction surgery patients; M: males; F: females; BMI: body mass index; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; % pred: % predicted; VC: vital capacity; TLC: total lung capacity; RV: residual volume; DL,CO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide.