Maternal and neonatal characteristics of the study population
| Characteristics | Smokers | Nonsmokers |
| Subjects# | 60 | 62 |
| Maternal characteristics | ||
| Age yrs | 29.62±0.71 | 32.16±0.62 |
| Education greater year 10/11# | 40 (70.2) | 53 (93.0)* |
| Recreational drug use during pregnancy | 16 (26.7) | 0 (0.0)* |
| Atopic status | ||
| SPT positive | 32 (53.3) | 30 (48.4) |
| SPT negative | 28 (46.7) | 32 (51.6) |
| Parity | ||
| 0 | 29 (48.3) | 21 (33.9) |
| 1 | 17 (28.3) | 25 (40.3) |
| 2> | 14 (23.3) | 16 (25.8) |
| Neonatal characteristics | ||
| Method of delivery of neonate | ||
| SVD | 45.0 (75.0) | 44.0 (71.0) |
| Caesarian | 15.0 (25.0) | 18.0 (29.0) |
| Gestational age days | 279.32±1.0 | 277±1.0 |
| Birth weight g | 3387.58±57.19 | 3467.90±54.63 |
| Birth length cm | 49.64±0.30 | 49.58±0.25 |
| Head circumference cm | 34.57±0.18 | 34.62±0.17 |
| Median 5 min AGPAR score | 9¶ | 9+ |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 24 (40.0) | 26 (41.9) |
| Female | 36 (60.0) | 36 (58.1) |
Data are presented as n, mean±sem or n (%). SPT: skin prick test (wheal size ≥3mm was considered positive); SVD: spontaneous vertex delivery; AGPAR: appearance, grimace, activity, respiration, determined by Mann–Whitney U-test; #: n = 57 smokers and 57 nonsmokers; ¶: n = 57; +: n = 62; *: p<0.05.