Bronchodilator response by sex and severity of obstruction
| Degree of obstruction | Males:females | Definition of obstruction | Mean bronchodilator response | p-value | |
| Males | Females | ||||
| Mild | 5:7 | FEV1/FVC<LLN; FEV1 ≥80% | 5.1±5.5 | 1.6±2.7 | 0.1689 |
| Moderate | 40:33 | FEV1/FVC<LLN; 50% ≤FEV1 <80% | 7.0±10.3 | 7.7±12.1 | 0.7815 |
| Severe | 20:10 | FEV1/FVC<LLN; FEV1 <50% | 12.6±12.0 | 8.6±6.6 | 0.3457 |
Data are presented as n or mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC: forced vital capacity; LLN: lower limit of normal.