Univariate odds ratios(OR) of hospitalisation for community-acquired pneumonia and use of medication in the year before the index date
| Characteristics | Cases | Controls | Crude OR (95% CI) |
| Subjects n | 1108 | 3817 | |
| Cardiac glycosides | 124 (11.2) | 156 (4.1) | 2.92 (2.26–3.77) |
| ACE inhibitors | 168 (15.2) | 370 (9.7) | 1.65 (1.36–1.99) |
| Ca-channel blockers | 179 (16.2) | 346 (9.1) | 1.82 (1.49–2.24) |
| β-blockers | 155 (14.0) | 575 (15.1) | 0.87 (0.72–1.06) |
| Diuretics | 392 (35.4) | 638 (16.7) | 3.16 (2.66–3.75) |
| Oral corticosteroids | 176 (15.9) | 58 (1.5) | 11.41 (8.27–15.76) |
| Anticholinergic inhalation | 258 (23.3) | 134 (3.5) | 8.43 (6.58–10.80) |
| β-agonist inhalation | 324 (29.2) | 183 (4.8) | 7.69 (6.21–9.53) |
| Inhaled corticosteroids | 347 (31.3) | 196 (5.1) | 8.07 (6.52–9.98) |
| H2 antagonists | 93 (8.4) | 172 (4.5) | 1.95 (1.49–2.55) |
| Proton pump inhibitor | 144 (13.0) | 226 (5.9) | 2.33 (1.85–2.92) |
| Influenza vaccination | 244 (22.0) | 560 (14.7) | 2.52 (1.94–3.28) |
Data are presented as n, n (%) or OR (95% confidence interval (CI)). ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme.