Malignant disorders | Primary lung cancer |
Endobronchial metastasis (from breast, colon, kidney, thyroid gland, oesophagus) | |
In situ carcinoma¶ | |
Typical carcinoid¶ | |
Benign tumours¶ | Papilloma, fibroma, lipoma, hamartochondroma, leiomyoma |
Stenoses | Due to the following: |
Anastomosis (lung transplantation, surgical resection) | |
Intubation | |
Tracheotomy, tracheostomy | |
Tuberculosis | |
Sarcoidosis | |
Wegener's granulomatosis | |
Trauma | |
Inhalation injury | |
Radiation therapy | |
Granulation tissue | |
Miscellaneous | Reduction of bleeding |
Amyloidosis | |
Endometriosis | |
Closure of oesophago-bronchial fistulas | |
Foreign body removal (lithotripsy) |
#: Endobronchial obstruction in the central airways; ¶: intended to be curative.