Comparison of all-cause emergency room (ER) visits between study groups in the year preceding enrolment and for 2 yrs' follow-up
| Preceding year | Study year | 2nd yr follow-up | ||||
| Self-management | Standard care | Self-management | Standard care | Self-management | Standard care | |
| ER visits n | 256 | 268 | 211 | 317 | 217 | 255 |
| Patient-yrs | 96 | 95 | 93.9 | 89.7 | 86.2 | 79.9 |
| ER visits·patient-yr−1 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 3.2 |
| Reduction in ER visits·patient-yr−1# | −0.1 (−0.21–0.02) | −1.3 (−1.18– −1.42) | −0.7 (−0.58– −0.82) | |||
| Treatment difference¶ % | −5.5 | −36.5 | −21.1 | |||
#: reduction in the rate of all-cause ER visits in the self-management group as compared to the standard-care group (95% confidence interval); ¶: differences were calculated by dividing the absolute difference between groups by the standard-care group value.