Characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
| Nonsmokers | Current smokers | ||||
| Young | Middle-aged or elderly | Young | Middle-aged or elderly | ||
| Emphysema (−) | Emphysema (+) | ||||
| Total recovery rate % | 75±4 | 71±4 | 63±3 | 48±3 | 38±3 |
| Total cells ×104·mL−1 | 8±1 | 13±1 | 19±2 | 32±6 | 29±5 |
| Viable cells % | 96±1 | 97±1 | 95±1 | 93±1 | 86±2 |
| Macrophages % | 84±2 | 81±5 | 95±1 | 93±1 | 92±1 |
| Neutrophils % | 1.1±0.3 | 0.3±0.1 | 0.8±1.2 | 1.8±0.7 | 1.4±0.3 |
| Albumin µg·mL−1 | 47±7 | 55±10 | 32±2 | 35±3 | 52±8 |
Data are presented as mean±se.