Matched crude and adjusted rate ratios (RR) for acute myocardial infarction in relation to the duration of inhaled corticosteroid use
| Case | Controls# | Crude RR | Adjusted RR¶ | |
| Subjects n | 371 | 1864 | ||
| No exposure in the last 12 months | 214 (57.7) | 1000 (54.3) | 1 (ref. group) | 1 (ref. group) |
| Currently exposed | ||||
| 1–30 days | 25 (6.7) | 130 (6.8) | 0.92 (0.58–1.45) | 0.78 (0.47–1.30) |
| 31–60 days | 19 (5.1) | 58 (3.1) | 1.53 (0.88–2.65) | 1.17 (0.64–2.16) |
| >61 days | 27 (7.3) | 171 (8.8) | 0.77 (0.49–1.19) | 0.70 (0.43–1.15) |
| Duration months | 3.1±5.1 | 4.7±3.3 | 0.97 (0.93–1.01)+ |
Data are presented as n (%), mean±sd or RR (95% confidence interval), unless otherwise stated. ref.: reference. #: to account for the variable number of controls in each matched set, all means, sd and percentages were weighted by the inverse of the number of controls in each set; ¶: adjusted for age and duration of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; by study design), and for sex, number of COPD exacerbations, number of prescriptions of bronchodilators in the last 12 months (none, 1–12, >12), oral corticosteroid dose dispensed in the last 12 months, hospitalisation in the last 3 months, diabetes, systemic hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, and heart failure; +: associated with an increase of 1 month of continuous exposure.