Matched crude and adjusted rate ratios (RR) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in relation to the use of inhaled corticosteroids during the 1yr period before index date#
| Case | Controls¶ | Crude RR | Adjusted RR+ | |
| Subjects n | 371 | 1864 | ||
| Exposure in the last 12 months | ||||
| None | 214 (57.7) | 1000 (54.3) | 1 (ref. group) | 1 (ref. group) |
| Any use | 157 (42.3) | 864 (45.7) | 0.86 (0.68–1.09) | 0.83 (0.63–1.08) |
| Current exposure# | 71 (19.1) | 359 (18.7) | 0.95 (0.70–1.28) | 0.82 (0.57–1.16) |
| Past exposure# | 86 (23.2) | 505 (27.1) | 0.80 (0.60–1.06) | 0.83 (0.61–1.14) |
Data are presented as n (%) or RR (95% confidence interval), unless otherwise stated. ref.: reference. #: the index date for case subjects and matched controls was the date of the case subject AMI; ¶: to account for the variable number of controls in each matched set, all means, sd and percentages were weighted by the inverse of the number of controls in each set; +: adjusted for age and duration of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; by study design), and for sex, number of COPD exacerbations, number of prescriptions of bronchodilators in the last 12 months (none, 1–12, >12), oral corticosteroid dose dispensed in the last 12 months, hospitalisation in the last 3 months, diabetes, systemic hypertension, ischaemic heart disease and heart failure.