Characteristics of patients, and results of pulmonary function, quantitative computed tomography, aerosol-derived airway morphometry and aerosol bolus dispersion (ABD) tests
| All patients | Usual COPD | AAD | p-value | |
| Subjects n | 42 | 20 | 22 | |
| Males/females | 16/26 | 6/14 | 10/12 | |
| Age yrs | 63±8 | 67±7 | 60±6 | <0.001 |
| Smoker/ex-smoker/nonsmoker | 20/20/2 | 20/0/0 | 0/20/2 | |
| Height cm | 169±8 | 165±6 | 171±9 | 0.020 |
| Weight kg | 69±14 | 63±10 | 74±16 | 0.009 |
| FEV1 % pred | 48±13 | 51±13 | 45±13 | ns |
| FVC % pred | 87±15 | 86±14 | 87±15 | ns |
| FEV1/FVC | 46±11 | 48±10 | 43±13 | ns |
| TLC % pred | 116±13 | 109±11 | 122±12 | <0.001 |
| RV % pred | 170±41 | 154±40 | 184±36 | 0.012 |
| RV/TLC | 0.55±0.07 | 0.56±0.07 | 0.54±0.07 | ns |
| DL,CO % pred | 49±17 | 52±13 | 47±19 | ns |
| KCO % pred | 61±19 | 67±18 | 55±19 | 0.032 |
| RA-910 HU | 29.7±16.8 | 19.3±11.2 | 39.2±15.5 | <0.001 |
| PD15 g·L-1 | 69.8±27.6 | 87.3±21.4 | 53.8±22.8 | <0.001 |
| EAD20 mm | 0.80±0.38 | 0.64±0.31 | 0.95±0.38 | 0.017 |
| ABD600 cm3 | 620±142 | 602±153 | 634±135 | ns |
Data are presented as n and mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; AAD: α1-antitrypsin deficiency; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; % pred: % predicted; FVC: forced vital capacity; TLC: total lung capacity; RV: residual volume; DL,CO: carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of the lung; KCO: carbon monoxide transfer coefficient; RA-910: relative area of emphysema below -910 Hounsfield units (HU); PD15: 15th percentile density; EAD20: effective peripheral airspace dimensions for a relative volumetric lung depth of 20% of the intrathoracic lung volume at breath hold; ABD600: ABD for boluses inhaled into a volumetric lung depth of 600 cm3; ns: nonsignificant.