Table 5

Mean differences and mean differences squared between values observed in the present study and predicted by various prediction equations

First author [ref.]	Age yrs	Males				Females
First author [ref.]	Age yrs	Subjects n	Mean DIFF	Mean DIFF %	Mean squared DIFF	Subjects n	Mean DIFF	Mean DIFF %	Mean squared DIFF
FEV₁
Present study	16–94	2479	0.04	0.86	0.28	3556	0.03	0.87	0.14
BrÄndli 1	18–60	2056	0.00	0.04	0.29	2755	−0.01	−0.33	0.15
Langhammer 13	20–80	2249	−0.06	−1.56	0.29	3249	−0.06	−2.09	0.15
Hankinson 14	16–80	2459	0.07	1.64	0.29	3489	0.02	0.69	0.15
ECSC 4	18–70	2250	0.25	6.01	0.35	3129	0.20	6.77	0.19
FVC
Present study	16–94	2479	0.04	0.88	0.44	3556	0.03	0.97	0.23
BrÄndli 1	18–60	2056	−0.14	−2.77	0.48	2755	−0.11	−3.00	0.26
Langhammer 13	20–80	2249	−0.05	−0.92	0.46	3249	−0.07	−2.06	0.24
Hankinson 14	16–80	2459	−0.04	−0.81	0.45	3489	−0.04	−1.09	0.24
ECSC 4	18–70	2250	0.34	6.62	0.57	3129	0.35	9.73	0.37
FEV₁/FVC
Present study	16–94	2479	0.0016	0.19	0.0043	3556	0.0048	0.57	0.0042
Brändli 1	18–60	2056	0.0225	2.73	0.0045	2755	0.0210	2.51	0.0044
Langhammer 13	20–80	2249	−0.0026	−0.32	0.0045	3249	0.0056	0.68	0.0044
Hankinson 14	16–80	2459	0.0223	2.72	0.0048	3489	0.0156	1.87	0.0045
ECSC 4	18–70	2250	0.0199	2.43	0.0046	3129	0.0229	2.74	0.0046

FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in one second
FVC: forced vital capacity
ECSC: European Coal and Steel Community
DIFF: difference