Demographical and respiratory function characteristics of patients grouped according to Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) staging
| GOLD stage | |||||
| 0 | I | IIa | IIb | III | |
| Age yrs | 74±7 | 74±5 | 73±5 | 72±5 | 73±6 |
| Females# | 29/89 | 12/48 | 28/129 | 9/89 | 3/26 |
| Living alone | 24/87 | 9/48 | 27/124 | 24/88 | 8/26 |
| FEV1¶ | 92.3±23.5 | 89.8±9.3 | 63.7±8.5 | 40±5.7 | 26.2±2.8 |
| FEV1/FVC+ | 78±6.4 | 63±4.6 | 56.7±7.9 | 41.4±9 | 36.7±11.6 |
Data are presented as mean±sd or %
FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second
FVC: forced vital capacity
#: Chi‐squared 15.3, p=0.005
¶: F=275, p<0.001
+: F=295, p<0.001