6-month change | 12-month change | |||||
n (%) | HR (95% CI) | p-value | n (%) | HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
None-to-mild empysema# | ||||||
10% decline FEV1 | 31 (24.4) | 1.4 (0.8–2.6) | 0.268 | 26 (30.2) | 2.5 (1.2–5.1) | 0.012 |
10% decline FVC | 36 (28.3) | 1.4 (0.8–2.6) | 0.209 | 29 (33.7) | 2.8 (1.4–5.9) | 0.005 |
15% decline DL,CO | 31 (24.4) | 2.4 (1.3–4.4) | 0.005 | 33 (38.4) | 2.9 (1.4–5.7) | 0.003 |
+5 increase CPI | 33 (26.0) | 2.4 (1.3–4.4) | 0.003 | 34 (39.5) | 3.6 (1.7–7.7) | 0.001 |
Moderate-to-severe emphysema¶ | ||||||
10% decline FEV1 | 4 (9.5) | 8.4 (1.9–37.8) | 0.006 | 6 (18.8) | 3.7 (1.0–13.7) | 0.046 |
10% decline FVC | 5 (11.9) | 4.1 (1.2–14.0) | 0.025 | 9 (28.1) | 2.1 (0.8–6.0) | 0.154 |
15% decline DL,CO | 13 (31.0) | 2.1 (0.8–5.5) | 0.140 | 12 (37.5) | 2.1 (0.7–6.0) | 0.174 |
+5 increase CPI | 11 (26.2) | 1.9 (0.6–5.7) | 0.279 | 15 (46.8) | 2.4 (0.8–7.9) | 0.135 |
FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; DL,CO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide. #: n = 127 for 6-month change and n = 86 for 12-month change; ¶: n = 42 for 6-month change and n = 32 for 12-month change.