Demographic data of 42 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with nosocomial bacterial pneumonia (NBP) (cases) and 84 matched human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients without nosocomial infections (controls)
| Cases | Controls | |
| Sex M:F | 31:11 | 62:22 |
| Mean age, yrs | 34.1±6.2 | 33.3±4.4 |
| HIV risk behaviour % | ||
| Intravenous drug abuse | 26 (62) | 56 (67) |
| Homosexual contacts | 8 (19) | 14 (17) |
| Heterosexual contacts | 7 (17) | 12 (14) |
| Other | 1 (2) | 2 (2) |
| Stage of HIV infectiona % | ||
| A | 2 (5) | 5 (6) |
| B | 5 (12) | 10 (12) |
| C | 35 (83) | 69 *82) |
| Main reason for admission % | ||
| Gastrointestinal manifestations | 14 (33) | 28 (33) |
| Neurological syndromes | 12 (29) | 24 (29) |
| Fever of unknown origin | 10 (24) | 20 (24) |
| Neoplastic diseases | 6 (14) | 12 (14) |
| Mean hospital stay days | 30.1±10.1 | 15±4.9 |
| Mean days to NBP | 14.3±19.6 | − |
| Mean PMN cells·mm3 | 1278±1050 | 3278±1670 |
| Mean T CD4+ cells·mm3 | 87.3±49.5 | 94.1±56.2 |
| Mean HIV-RNAb cp·mL×103 | 35.8 (0.5–650.5) | 29.5 (0.5–475.5) |
| PCP prophylaxis with CTX % | 35 (83) | 62 (74) |
| Antiretroviral therapy % | ||
| Monotherapy | 13 (31) | 18 (21) |
| 2 RTI | 19 (45) | 34 (41) |
| HAART | 6 (14) | 23 (27) |
| No therapy | 4 (10) | 9 (11) |
Data are presented as mean±sd or n (%), or mean (range). a: According to Centres for Diseases Control definition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; b: available after September 1996. cp: copies; CTX: cotrimoxazole; RTI: reverse transcriptase inhibitor; HAART: highly active antiretroviral therapy; PMN: polymorphonuclear; RNA: ribonucleic acid; PCP: Pneumocystis carinii; CTX: cotrimoxazole.