Characteristics of the fluticasone propionate (FP)-salmeterol (SAL) versus SAL cohort before and after propensity score matching for the exacerbations analysis
| CPRD non-interventional population | ||||||
| Before propensity score matching | After propensity score# matching | |||||
| SAL¶ | FP-SAL+ | Standardised difference | SAL | FP-SAL | Standardised difference | |
| Subjects | 1146 | 11 235 exposed time periods from 4523 people | 991 | 991 | ||
| Age years | 68 (62–73) | 68 (62–74) | 0.051 | 68 (62–73) | 67 (61–73) | 0.038 |
| Male# | 728 (64) | 6960 (62) | 0.033 | 628 (63) | 637 (64) | 0.019 |
| Lung function§ | ||||||
| FEV1# % pred | 49 (41–57) | 50 (40–60) | 0.272 | 50 (41–57) | 49 (40–57) | 0.107 |
| FEV1/FVC % | 53 (44–61) | 53 (44–62) | 0.022 | 53 (45–62) | 51 (42–60) | 0.122 |
| BMI§ | 26 (23–30) | 26 (22–30) | 0.057 | 26 (23–30) | 26 (22–29) | 0.123 |
| Prior exacerbationsƒ | 0.63±1.02 | 0.61±1.07 | 0.017 | 0.62±1.01 | 0.61±1.03 | 0.010 |
| Cardiovascular disease## | ||||||
| Coronary heart disease | 207 (18) | 1958 (17) | 0.017 | 175 (18) | 129 (13) | 0.129 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 71 (6) | 749 (7) | 0.019 | 62 (6) | 62 (6) | 0.000 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 87 (8) | 792 (7) | 0.021 | 81 (8) | 64 (6) | 0.066 |
| Other atherosclerosis | 1 (0) | 21 (0) | 0.027 | 1 (0) | 1 (0) | 0.026 |
| Statin prescription¶¶ | 462 (40) | 4906 (44) | 0.068 | 411 (41) | 344 (35) | 0.140 |
| Aspirin prescription¶¶ | 333 (29) | 3376 (30) | 0.022 | 297 (30) | 246 (25) | 0.116 |
| Other COPD medication prescriptions¶¶ | ||||||
| LABA++ | 793 (69) | 98 (1) | 2.052 | 648 (65) | 15 (2) | 1.839 |
| ICS#,++ | 419 (37) | 862 (8) | 0.742 | 275 (28) | 387 (39) | 0.241 |
| LAMA++ | 477 (42) | 6598 (59) | 0.347 | 432 (44) | 487 (49) | 0.111 |
| ICS plus LABA§§ | 28 (2) | 537 (5) | 0.125 | 24 (2) | 50 (5) | 0.139 |
| Type 2 diabetes#,## | 116 (10) | 1549 (14) | 0.113 | 101 (10) | 100 (10) | 0.003 |
| History of cancer## | 200 (17) | 2252 (20) | 0.066 | 178 (18) | 163 (16) | 0.040 |
| Chronic kidney disease#,## | 104 (9) | 1535 (14) | 0.145 | 89 (9) | 85 (9) | 0.014 |
| Healthcare utilisationƒ | ||||||
| GP consultations# n | 15 (9–23) | 16 (9–26) | 0.765 | 15 (9–23) | 15 (9–25) | 0.021 |
| Distinct medications n | 5 (3–8) | 5 (3–8) | 0.039 | 5 (3–8) | 5 (3–8) | 0.019 |
| Hospitalisations# n | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.063 | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.005 |
| Hospital procedures# n | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1) | 0.065 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.035 |
Data are presented as n, median (interquartile range), n (%) or mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. CPRD: Clinical Practice Research Datalink; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; BMI: body mass index; LABA: long-acting β-agonist; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; LAMA: long-acting muscarinic antagonist; GP: general practitioner. #: variables in this table that were included in the propensity score (see supplementary table A2-3 for list of variables included in final exacerbations propensity score model); ¶: TORCH inclusion/exclusion criteria applied and matched to individual TORCH patients; +: TORCH inclusion/exclusion criteria applied; §: closest record prior to index date; ƒ: all counted within the year prior to index; ##: any diagnosis for condition prior to index date; ¶¶: number who had at least one prescription within the previous year; ++: single product only; §§: combination product.