Characteristics of the fluticasone propionate (FP)-salmeterol (SAL) versus unexposed to FP-SAL cohort before and after propensity score matching for the exacerbations analysis
| CPRD non-interventional population | ||||||
| Before propensity score matching | After propensity score# matching | |||||
| Unexposed to FP-SAL¶ | Exposed to FP-SAL+ | Standardised difference | Unexposed to FP-SAL | Exposed to FP-SAL | Standardised difference | |
| Subjects | 4196 | 10 463 exposed time periods from 4259 people | 2652 | 2652 | ||
| Age# years | 67 (61–73) | 68 (62–74) | 0.103 | 68 (61–73) | 68 (62–74) | 0.083 |
| Male# | 3175 (76) | 6515 (62) | 0.293 | 1868 (70) | 1850 (70) | 0.015 |
| Lung function#,§ | ||||||
| FEV1 % pred | 47 (38–56) | 50 (40–60) | 0.297 | 49 (39–57) | 48 (38–56) | 0.024 |
| FEV1/FVC % | 53 (44–61) | 53 (44–63) | 0.073 | 53 (44–62) | 52 (43–61) | 0.045 |
| BMI#,§ | 26 (22–29) | 26 (23–31) | 0.191 | 26 (23–30) | 26 (22–30) | 0.024 |
| Prior exacerbationsƒ | 0.51±0.92 | 0.66±1.13 | 0.148 | 0.56±0.96 | 0.62±1.04 | 0.060 |
| Cardiovascular disease## | ||||||
| Coronary heart disease | 1114 (27) | 1783 (17) | 0.232 | 720 (27) | 441 (17) | 0.257 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 390 (9) | 648 (6) | 0.116 | 253 (10) | 166 (6) | 0.122 |
| Cerebrovascular disease# | 434 (10) | 714 (7) | 0.126 | 212 (8) | 222 (8) | 0.014 |
| Other atherosclerosis | 11 (0) | 20 (0) | 0.015 | 7 (0) | 7 (0) | 0.008 |
| Statin prescription#,¶¶ | 2066 (49) | 4614 (44) | 0.103 | 1227 (46) | 1238 (47) | 0.008 |
| Aspirin prescription¶¶ | 1563 (37) | 3129 (30) | 0.156 | 954 (36) | 828 (31) | 0.101 |
| Other COPD medication prescriptions¶¶ | ||||||
| LABA++ | 295 (7) | 333 (3) | 0.175 | 197 (7) | 106 (4) | 0.148 |
| ICS#,++ | 530 (13) | 842 (8) | 0.151 | 280 (11) | 333 (13) | 0.063 |
| LAMA#,++ | 1450 (35) | 6284 (60) | 0.528 | 1166 (44) | 1177 (44) | 0.008 |
| ICS plus LABA#,§§ | 526 (13) | 488 (5) | 0.284 | 196 (7) | 258 (10) | 0.084 |
| Type 2 diabetes## | 543 (13) | 1496 (14) | 0.040 | 373 (14) | 337 (13) | 0.04 |
| History of cancer## | 696 (17) | 2105 (20) | 0.091 | 486 (18) | 451 (17) | 0.035 |
| Chronic kidney disease## | 540 (13) | 1477 (14) | 0.037 | 389 (15) | 333 (13) | 0.062 |
| Healthcare utilisationƒ | ||||||
| GP consultations# n | 21 (15–29) | 16 (10–26) | 0.409 | 18 (14–29) | 16 (10–26) | 0.143 |
| Distinct medications# n | 4 (2–7) | 5 (3–8) | 0.180 | 4 (2–7) | 5 (3–8) | 0.073 |
| Hospitalisations# n | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.008 | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.007 |
| Hospital procedures# n | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1) | 0.022 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.011 |
Data are presented as n, median (interquartile range), n (%) or mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. CPRD: Clinical Practice Research Datalink; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; BMI: body mass index; LABA: long-acting β-agonist; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; LAMA: long-acting muscarinic antagonist; GP: general practitioner. #: variables in this table that were included in the propensity score (see supplementary table A2-3 for list of variables included in final exacerbations propensity score model); ¶: TORCH inclusion/exclusion criteria applied and matched to TORCH individual patient data; +: TORCH inclusion/exclusion criteria applied; §: closest record prior to index date; ƒ: all counted within the year prior to index, includes exacerbations recorded in primary or secondary care; ##: any diagnosis for condition prior to index date; ¶¶: number who had at least one prescription within the previous year; ++: single product only; §§: combination product.