Trial descriptions and meta-analysis results
| Study | Timing and primary outcome | Total patients | Average age | Males | Comorbidities | Symptom free by day 14 | Hospitalised | ||
| Drug | Control | Drug | Control | ||||||
| CONTAIN (placebo) | ≤6 days of symptoms Resolution of cough, dyspnoea, and fever day 7 | 203 | 37 | 46.3% | 20.2% overall 5.9% HTN 2.5% diabetes 0.5% CAD | 57/105 | 44/98 | 6/105 | 3/98 |
| Covis Pharma (placebo) | ≤72 h of test Time to symptom free | 400 | 43 | 44.8% | 22% HTN 7.5% diabetes | 81/197 | 76/203 | 3/197 | 7/203 |
| STOIC (open label) | ≤7 days of symptoms COVID-19 urgent visits | 139 | 45 | 42.4% | Median of 1 8.4% CAD 5% diabetes | 63/70 | 48/69 | 2/70 | 11/69 |
| PRINCIPLE (open label) | ≤14 days of symptoms COVID-19 related hospitalisation or death | 1719 (concurrent) | 64 | 48.5% | 80% (median of 1) 43–46% HTN 20–23% diabetes 15–17% CAD | 251/781 | 173/794 | 72/787 | 98/799 |
| Analysis | Pooled risk ratio | Probability any benefit | Probability NNT ≤50 | Probability NNT ≤20 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Random | Fixed | Random | Fixed | Random | Fixed | Random | Fixed | ||
| Symptom free day 14 (I2 30%) | 1.29 (1.14–1.47) | 1.31 (1.18–1.45) | 100% | 100% | 99.8% | 100% | 93.1% | 98.2% | |
| Placebo-controlled (I2 0%) | 1.15 (0.95–1.38) | 1.15 (0.95–1.38) | 92.5% | 92.7% | 78.1% | 78.2% | 42.6% | 43.4% | |
| Open label (I2 11.9%) | 1.39 (1.22–1.58) | 1.39 (1.23–1.56) | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 99.3% | 99.8% | |
| Hospitalisation; overall (I2 49.2%) | 0.64 (0.31–1.29) | 0.72 (0.55–0.95) | 89.3% | 99.0% | 72.9% | 78.2% | 26.7% | 0.7% | |
| Placebo-controlled (I2 54.4%) | 0.90 (0.22–3.71) | 0.90 (0.35–2.33) | 54.7% | 57.6% | 43.0% | 40.1% | 21.6% | 12.3% | |
| Open label (I2 71.3%) | 0.44 (0.12–1.70) | 0.71 (0.59–0.94) | 89.1% | 99.8% | 81.3% | 85.3% | 57.6% | 0.3% | |
COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; HTN: hypertension; CAD: coronary artery disease; NNT: number needed to treat.