Period 1 2001–2003 | Period 2 2004–2006 | Period 3 2007–2009 | Period 4 2010–2012 | Period 5 2013–2015 | p-value trend over time | Total 2001–2015 | |
Subjects | 1374 | 1948 | 2737 | 1750 | 1230 | 9036 | |
Age years | |||||||
Total | 34 (27–43) | 36 (28–47) | 36 (28–46) | 36 (27–46) | 35 (27–46) | 0.15 | 36 (28–46) |
Low-/lower-middle | 37 (30–48) | 37 (29–47) | 37 (27–47) | 35 (26–44) | 29 (22–38) | <0.001 | 36 (27–46) |
Upper-middle | 33 (26–41) | 35 (28–44) | 36 (29–45) | 32 (25–43) | 35 (27–45) | 0.001 | 34 (27–44) |
High | 39 (29–51) | 38 (28–50) | 37 (28–48) | 38 (30–50) | 39 (30–52) | 0.1 | 38 (29–50) |
Male | |||||||
Total | 845 (61) | 1227 (63) | 1687 (62) | 1090 (62) | 743 (60) | 0.485 | 5592 (62) |
Low-/lower-middle | 118 (66) | 383 (62) | 587 (68) | 492 (59) | 70 (53) | 0.012 | 1650 (63) |
Upper-middle | 640 (61) | 349 (63) | 661 (56) | 206 (64) | 476 (58) | 0.26 | 2332 (59) |
High | 87 (63) | 495 (64) | 439 (62) | 392 (66) | 197 (71) | 0.052 | 1610 (64) |
BMI kg·m−2 | |||||||
Total | 18.7 (15.7–21.7) | 19.6 (17.2–21.7) | 20 (17.7–22.6) | 19.7 (17.9–21.8) | 20.1 (18.3–22.4) | <0.001 | 19.7 (17.6–22.1) |
Low-/lower-middle | 18.6 (15.7–21.9) | 18.8 (16.4–21.5) | 19.9 (17.4–22.7) | 19.1 (17.6–20.8) | 17.6 (15.2–21.2) | 0.03 | 19.3 (17–21.7) |
Upper-middle | 19.1 (15.7–21.1) | 19.7 (17.4–21.7) | 19.9 (17.6–22.3) | 20 (18.2–22.4) | 20.3 (18.2–23.1) | <0.001 | 19.8 (17.6–22.3) |
High | NA | 19.7 (18.8–22.1) | 20.4 (18.7–22.7) | 20.3 (18.5–22.4) | 20 (18.6–21.8) | 0.63 | 20.2 (18.7–22.3) |
HIV infection | |||||||
Total | 321 (36) | 242 (13) | 511 (19) | 133 (8) | 418 (34) | 0.001 | 1625 (20) |
Low-/lower-middle | 0 (0) | 1 (0) | 33 (4) | 73 (9) | 39 (30) | <0.001 | 146 (6) |
Upper-middle | 310 (53) | 190 (37) | 452 (39) | 13 (4) | 349 (43) | 0.003 | 1314 (39) |
High | 11 (9) | 51 (7) | 26 (4) | 47 (8) | 30 (11) | 0.047 | 165 (7) |
Data are presented as n, median (interquartile range) or n (%), unless otherwise stated. BMI: body mass index; NA: not available.