TABLE 1

Characteristics of patients co-infected with active TB and COVID-19

Pts.	Age	Sex	BMI^#	Comorbidities	TB localisation	Signs and symptoms^¶	PTB pattern at TB diagnosis	Time since TB (days)^¶	COVID-19 radiological signs^¶	Pulmonary pattern (days from previous CXR/CT scan)^¶	Abnormal biochemistry	O₂ supply
P01	20s	M	L	–	DS-PTB	Fever, cough, headache	Unilateral cavities^§	20	None^§	Improvement (19)	TLC=770·mm⁻³ Hb=9.9 g·dL⁻¹ CRP=180 mg·L⁻¹ Fer.=623 ng·mL⁻¹ DD=3206 ng·mL⁻¹
P02	60s	M	N	COPD and epilepsy	DS-PTB	Fever	Unilateral nodules^§	84	Minimal signs of interstitial thickening^§	Worsening (15)	No abnormalities	Yes^§§
P03	10s	F	L	–	DS-PTB	Fever, chest pain, dyspnoea, vomit, conjunctivitis	Bilateral nodules and cavities^§	20	None^§	Worsening (14)	DD=1104 ng·mL⁻¹
P04	20s	M	L	–	DS-PTB	Fever, cough, vomit	Miliary and cavities^§	14	None^§	Improvement (17)	TLC=980·mm⁻³ Fer.=517 ng·mL⁻¹ DD=2161 ng·mL⁻¹
P05	30s	F	L	–	DS-PTB	Fever, cough	Bilateral reticules, nodules and cavities^§	302	None^§	Improvement (7)	Fer.=511 ng·mL⁻¹ K⁺=2.50 mmol·L⁻¹ DD=1179 ng·mL⁻¹	Yes
P06	70s	F	L	Cachexia, chronic vomit and diarrhoea, hypertension, diabetes, mental disorders	DS-PTB	Fever, severe dyspnoea, and respiratory failure	Bilateral nodules and cavities^§, tree in bud^ƒ	26	Interstitial-alveolar thickening^§	Worsening (28)	TLC=920·mm⁻³ K⁺=2.8 mmol·L⁻¹ DD=5244 ng·mL⁻¹ Fer. unevaluated ^##	Yes⁺⁺
P07	30s	M	L	–	Hr-PTB	Fever, cough	Bilateral cavitary nodules^§	21	None^§	Improvement (34)	TLC=8620·mm⁻³ Fer.=379 ng·mL⁻¹ DD=2516 ng·mL⁻¹
P08	20s	M	N	–	DS-PTB	Fever, cough	Bilateral nodules and reticules^§	19	None^§	Improvement (31)	No abnormalities	Yes^§§
P09	40s	M	H	Psoriasis and FLD	DS-PTB	Cough, chest pain	Unilateral nodules^§	6	None^§	Improvement (25)	Fer.=978 ng·mL⁻¹
P10	40s	F	H	Diabetes	Hr-PTB⁺	Fever	Bilateral reticules, cavitary nodules^§	8	None^§	Improvement (18)	Fer.=370 ng·mL⁻¹ DD=1029 ng·mL⁻¹
P11	20s	M	L	–	DS-PTB plus renal, brain, and meningeal TB	Fever, cough, chest pain, headache	Miliary and cavities^§	53	None^§	Worsening (57)	TLC=680·mm⁻³ LDH=283 U·L⁻¹ Fer=513 ng·mL⁻¹ DD=3065 ng·mL⁻¹ Na⁺=125 mmol·L⁻¹	Yes^++ƒƒ
P12	60s	F	N	Diabetes	DS-PTB	Fever	Unilateral thickenings^§	56	None^§	Improvement (32)	No abnormalities
P13	40s	F	L	Anorexia nervosa	DS-PTB plus renal, brain, and meningeal TB	None	Bilateral nodules^§	152	Ground glass^ƒ	Improvement (34)	TLC=720·mm⁻³ Hb=6.1 g·dL⁻¹ CRP=244 mg·L⁻¹ Fer.=768 ng·mL⁻¹	Yes⁺⁺
P14	60s	M	N	–	DS-PTB plus pericardial, pleural, splenic, and bone TB	None	Bilateral nodules and pleural effusion^§	62	None^§	Worsening (27)	DD=1233 ng·mL⁻¹
P15	30s	M	L	–	DS-PTB	Cough	Bilateral nodules and cavities^§	97	None^§	Improvement (88)	Fer.=449 ng·mL⁻¹ DD=1657 ng·mL⁻¹ Na⁺=132 mmol·L⁻¹
P16	40s	M	N	Diabetes	DS-PTB	Fever	Bilateral reticules and nodules^§	43	None^§	Worsening (44)	Fer.=775 ng·mL⁻¹ DD=1492 ng·mL⁻¹
P17	20s	F	N	–	Hr-PTB	Vomit	Unilateral reticules and nodules^§	38	None^§	Improvement (10)	No abnormalities	Yes^§§
P18	30s	M	N	–	Pre-XDR-PTB	Cough	Unilateral nodules and cavities^§	30	None^§	Worsening (37)	TLC=1350·mm⁻³ DD=1322
P19	20s	F	L	Sickle cell disease	DS-EPTB: abdominal LN	Chest pain, dyspnoea, vomit	Calcific lesions^§	87	None^§	Unchanged (47)	Hb=8.4 g·dL⁻¹ PLT=9.2×10³·mm⁻³ AST=49 U·L⁻¹ ALT=46 U·L⁻¹ Fer.=5036 ng·mL⁻¹^¶¶
P20	30s	M	N	–	MDR-PTB (relapse: already treated in 2015)	None	Unilateral thickening^§	40	Interstitial-alveolar thickening^§	Improvement (46)	TLC=1390·mm⁻³ AST=132 U·L⁻¹ ALT=111 U·L⁻¹

Abbreviations: ALT: alanine transaminase; AST: aspartame transaminase; BMI: body mass index; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; CRP: C-reactive protein; CT: computed tomography; CXR: chest X-rays; DD: D-dimer; DS: drug-susceptible; EPTB: extrapulmonary tuberculosis; Fer.: ferritin; FLD: fatty liver disease; Hb: haemoglobin; Hr: isoniazid resistant; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; LN: lymph node; MDR: multidrug-resistant; PLT: platelets; PNX: pneumothorax; PTB: pulmonary tuberculosis; TB: tuberculosis; TLC: total lymphocyte count; XDR: extensively drug resistant.

#BMI was categorised as “low“ (L) if <18.5 Kg·m⁻², “normal” (N) if 18.5–25 Kg·m⁻², “high” (H) if 25–30 Kg·m⁻²;.

¶at COVID-19 diagnosis compared to the last available CXR result;.

+isoniazid-resistance was detected only through genotypic drug-susceptibility test;.

§lung pattern at chest radiography;.

ƒlung pattern at chest computed tomography scan;.

##ferritin was not routinely assessed but was part of a set of exams to perform only in patients affected by COVID-19, however, due to the lag obtaining the swab results for SARS-CoV-2 it was not included;.

¶¶Frequent blood transfusions to treat severe anaemia due to sickle cell disease;.

++O2 supply ex novo;.

§§O2 supply at admission ad then stopped;.

ƒƒoxygen supply was required temporarily due to pleural blebs rupture and consequent pneumothorax.