Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients stratified by different comorbidities
| COPD | Diabetes | Hypertension | Cardiovascular disease | Cerebrovascular disease | ||||||
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | |
| Subjects n | 1566 | 24 | 1460 | 130 | 1321 | 269 | 1531 | 59 | 1560 | 30 |
| Age years | 48.5±16.0 | 74.7±6.8 | 47.8±16.1 | 61.2±13.4 | 46.2±15.6 | 62.1±12.5 | 48.2±15.9 | 66.3±15.1 | 48.5±16.1 | 70.4±8.9 |
| Incubation period day | 3.6±4.2 | 4.5±3.2 | 3.6±4.1 | 3.8±5.0 | 3.6±4.2 | 3.6±4.1 | 3.7±4.2 | 3.3±3.7 | 3.6±4.2 | 3.8±3.4 |
| Temperature on admission °C | 37.4±0.9 | 37.3±0.9 | 37.4±0.9 | 37.2±1.0 | 37.4±0.9 | 37.2±0.9 | 37.4±0.9 | 37.3±1 | 37.4±0.9 | 36.9±0.8 |
| Respiratory rate on admission breath·min−1 | 21.2±12.1 | 21.8±5.2 | 21.2±12.4 | 21.4±5.4 | 21.2±13.1 | 21.3±4.5 | 21.2±12.2 | 21.4±6.2 | 21.3±12.1 | 19.9±3.3 |
| Heart rate beat·min−1 | 88.6±14.6 | 90.2±12.8 | 88.6±14.6 | 89.1±14.3 | 88.6±14.7 | 89±14.3 | 88.8±14.6 | 86.4±14.9 | 88.8±14.6 | 84.5±11.4 |
| Systolic pressure on admission mmHg | 126±16.4 | 131±17.5 | 125.3±15.9 | 134.4±19.1 | 123.9±15.2 | 135.4±18.2 | 125.8±16.3 | 132.3±18.8 | 125.9±16.4 | 132.9±16 |
| Diastolic pressure on admission mmHg | 79.6±25.7 | 77±11.9 | 79.4±26.4 | 80.9±13.2 | 79.2±27.7 | 81±12.5 | 79.6±25.9 | 78.4±13.6 | 79.6±25.8 | 77.4±9.6 |
| Highest temperature °C | 38.3±1.6 | 38.5±0.6 | 38.3±1.7 | 38.4±0.8 | 38.3±1.3 | 38.2±2.7 | 38.3±1.7 | 38.5±0.8 | 38.3±1.6 | 38.2±1 |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 884/1554 (56.9) | 20/24 (83.3) | 828/1449 (57.1) | 76/129 (58.9) | 748/1312 (57) | 156/266 (58.6) | 868/1520 (57.1) | 36/58 (62.1) | 881/1548 (56.9) | 23/30 (76.7) |
| Female | 670/1554 (43.1) | 4/24 (16.7) | 621/1449 (42.9) | 53/129 (41.1) | 564/1312 (43) | 110/266 (41.4) | 652/1520 (42.9) | 22/58 (37.9) | 667/1548 (43.1) | 7/30 (23.3) |
| Smoking status | ||||||||||
| Never/unknown | 1458/1566 (93.1) | 21/24 (87.5) | 1368/1460 (93.7) | 111/130 (85.4) | 1232/1321 (93.3) | 247/269 (91.8) | 1426/1531 (93.1) | 53/59 (89.8) | 1453/1560 (93.1) | 26/30 (86.7) |
| Former/current | 108/1566 (6.9) | 3/24 (12.5) | 92/1460 (6.3) | 19/130 (14.6) | 89/1321 (6.7) | 22/269 (8.2) | 105/1531 (6.9) | 6/59 (10.2) | 107/1560 (6.9) | 4/30 (13.3) |
| Symptoms | ||||||||||
| Fever | 1331/1513 (88) | 20/23 (87.0) | 1239/1412 (87.7) | 112/124 (90.3) | 1113/1273 (87.4) | 238/263 (90.5) | 1308/1482 (88.3) | 43/54 (79.6) | 1328/1507 (88.1) | 23/29 (79.3) |
| Conjunctival congestion | 10/1325 (0.8) | 0/20 (0) | 9/1237 (0.7) | 1/108 (0.9) | 9/1120 (0.8) | 1/225 (0.4) | 10/1299 (0.8) | 0/46 (0) | 10/1320 (0.8) | 0/25 (0) |
| Nasal congestion | 72/1281 (5.6) | 1/18 (5.6) | 66/1195 (5.5) | 7/104 (6.7) | 62/1079 (5.7) | 11/220 (5) | 67/1253 (5.3) | 6/46 (13.0) | 73/1275 (5.7) | 0/24 (0) |
| Headache | 202/1309 (15.4) | 3/19 (15.8) | 187/1225 (15.3) | 18/103 (17.5) | 166/1106 (15) | 39/222 (17.6) | 197/1283 (15.4) | 8/45 (17.8) | 197/1303 (15.1) | 8/25 (32.0) |
| Dry cough | 1038/1474 (70.4) | 14/24 (58.3) | 972/1378 (70.5) | 80/120 (66.7) | 854/1238 (69) | 198/260 (76.2) | 1018/1442 (70.6) | 34/56 (60.7) | 1035/1469 (70.5) | 17/29 (58.6) |
| Pharyngodynia | 189/1300 (14.5) | 5/17 (29.4) | 182/1219 (14.9) | 12/98 (12.2) | 165/1102 (15) | 29/215 (13.5) | 185/1272 (14.5) | 9/45 (20) | 192/1296 (14.8) | 2/21 (9.5) |
| Productive cough | 502/1400 (35.9) | 11/24 (45.8) | 462/1309 (35.3) | 51/115 (44.3) | 403/1178 (34.2) | 110/246 (44.7) | 499/1373 (36.3) | 14/51 (27.5) | 504/1397 (36.1) | 9/27 (33.3) |
| Fatigue | 573/1347 (42.5) | 11/18 (61.1) | 529/1257 (42.1) | 55/108 (50.9) | 488/1143 (42.7) | 96/222 (43.2) | 564/1318 (42.8) | 20/47 (42.6) | 574/1344 (42.7) | 10/21 (47.6) |
| Haemoptysis | 15/1296 (1.2) | 1/19 (5.3) | 12/1214 (1.0) | 4/101 (4.0) | 12/1096 (1.1) | 4/219 (1.8) | 15/1268 (1.2) | 1/47 (2.1) | 16/1292 (1.2) | 0/23 (0) |
| Shortness of breath | 316/1371 (23) | 15/23 (65.2) | 277/1279 (21.7) | 54/115 (47.0) | 223/1154 (19.3) | 108/240 (45) | 310/1342 (23.1) | 21/52 (40.4) | 319/1366 (23.4) | 12/28 (42.9) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 77/1350 (5.7) | 3/21 (14.3) | 69/1264 (5.5) | 11/107 (10.3) | 55/1134 (4.9) | 25/237 (10.5) | 73/1321 (5.5) | 7/50 (14.0) | 79/1348 (5.9) | 1/23 (4.3) |
| Diarrhoea | 57/1338 (4.3) | 0/21 (0) | 48/1255 (3.8) | 9/104 (8.7) | 46/1129 (4.1) | 11/230 (4.8) | 53/1313 (4.0) | 4/46 (8.7) | 57/1336 (4.3) | 0/23 (0) |
| Myalgia/arthralgia | 231/1320 (17.5) | 3/18 (16.7) | 218/1234 (17.7) | 16/104 (15.4) | 188/1112 (16.9) | 46/226 (20.4) | 227/1294 (17.5) | 7/44 (15.9) | 233/1317 (17.7) | 1/21 (4.8) |
| Chill | 159/1313 (12.1) | 4/20 (20.0) | 151/1230 (12.3) | 12/103 (11.7) | 140/1111 (12.6) | 23/222 (10.4) | 161/1290 (12.5) | 2/43 (4.7) | 162/1310 (12.4) | 1/23 (4.3) |
| Signs | ||||||||||
| Throat congestion | 21/1269 (1.7) | 0/17 (0) | 20/1189 (1.7) | 1/97 (1) | 18/1075 (1.7) | 3/211 (1.4) | 21/1245 (1.7) | 0/41 (0) | 21/1266 (1.7) | 0/20 (0) |
| Tonsil swelling | 31/1355 (2.3) | 0/21 (0) | 28/1265 (2.2) | 3/111 (2.7) | 25/1133 (2.2) | 6/243 (2.5) | 29/1326 (2.2) | 2/50 (4.0) | 31/1348 (2.3) | 0/28 (0) |
| Enlargement of lymph nodes | 2/1355 (0.1) | 0/20 (0) | 2/1267 (0.2) | 0/108 (0) | 2/1135 (0.2) | 0/240 (0) | 1/1325 (0.1) | 1/50 (2.0) | 2/1347 (0.1) | 0/28 (0) |
| Rash | 3/1357 (0.2) | 0/21 (0) | 2/1270 (0.2) | 1/108 (0.9) | 2/1141 (0.2) | 1/237 (0.4) | 3/1327 (0.2) | 0/51 (0) | 3/1351 (0.2) | 0/27 (0) |
| Unconsciousness | 18/1400 (1.3) | 2/21 (9.5) | 18/1309 (1.4) | 2/112 (1.8) | 12/1175 (1.0) | 8/246 (3.3) | 17/1371 (1.2) | 3/50 (6) | 19/1392 (1.4) | 1/29 (3.4) |
| Abnormal chest image | ||||||||||
| Radiograph | 236/1566 (15.1) | 7/24 (29.2) | 218/1460 (14.9) | 25/130 (19.2) | 178/1321 (13.5) | 65/269 (24.2) | 231/1531 (15.1) | 12/59 (20.3) | 231/1560 (14.8) | 12/30 (40) |
| Computed tomography | 1113/1566 (71.1) | 17/24 (70.8) | 1034/1460 (70.8) | 96/130 (73.8) | 926/1321 (70.1) | 204/269 (75.8) | 1090/1531 (71.2) | 40/59 (67.8) | 1111/1560 (71.2) | 19/30 (63.3) |
| Hubei | ||||||||||
| Yes | 633/1566 (40.4) | 14/24 (58.3) | 568/1460 (38.9) | 79/130 (60.8) | 491/1321 (37.2) | 156/269 (58) | 609/1531 (39.8) | 38/59 (64.4) | 623/1560 (39.9) | 24/30 (80.0) |
| No | 933/1566 (59.6) | 10/24 (41.7) | 892/1460 (61.1) | 51/130 (39.2) | 830/1321 (62.8) | 113/269 (42) | 922/1531 (60.2) | 21/59 (35.6) | 937/1560 (60.1) | 6/30 (20.0) |
| Wuhan contacted | ||||||||||
| Yes | 1312/1566 (83.8) | 22/24 (91.7) | 1216/1460 (83.3) | 118/130 (90.8) | 1092/1321 (82.7) | 242/269 (90) | 1282/1531 (83.7) | 52/59 (88.1) | 1306/1560 (83.7) | 28/30 (93.3) |
| No | 254/1566 (16.2) | 2/24 (8.3) | 244/1460 (16.7) | 12/130 (9.2) | 229/1321 (17.3) | 27/269 (10) | 249/1531 (16.3) | 7/59 (11.9) | 254/1560 (16.3) | 2/30 (6.7) |
| Severity | 239/1566 (15.3) | 15/24 (62.5) | 209/1460 (14.3) | 45/130 (34.6) | 166/1321 (12.6) | 88/269 (32.7) | 234/1531 (15.3) | 20/59 (33.9) | 239/1560 (15.3) | 15/30 (50) |
| Composite end-point | 119/1566 (7.6) | 12/24 (50.0) | 100/1460 (6.8) | 31/130 (23.8) | 78/1321 (5.9) | 53/269 (19.7) | 118/1531 (7.7) | 13/59 (22.0) | 121/1560 (7.8) | 10/30 (33.3) |
| Deaths | 44/1566 (2.8) | 6/24 (25.0) | 37/1460 (2.5) | 13/130 (10.0) | 22/1321 (1.7) | 28/269 (10.4) | 42/1531 (2.7) | 8/59 (13.6) | 44/1560 (2.8) | 6/30 (20) |
| Admission to ICU | 92/1566 (5.9) | 7/24 (29.2) | 80/1460 (5.5) | 19/130 (14.6) | 61/1321 (4.6) | 38/269 (14.1) | 91/1531 (5.9) | 8/59 (13.6) | 92/1560 (5.9) | 7/30 (23.3) |
| Invasive ventilation | 45/1566 (2.9) | 5/24 (20.8) | 39/1460 (2.7) | 11/130 (8.5) | 28/1321 (2.1) | 22/269 (8.2) | 44/1531 (2.9) | 6/59 (10.2) | 46/1560 (2.9) | 4/30 (13.3) |
| Hepatitis B infection | Malignancy | Chronic kidney disease | Immunodeficiency | |||||
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | |
| Subjects n | 1562 | 28 | 1572 | 18 | 1569 | 21 | 1587 | 3 |
| Age years | 48.9±16.3 | 50.8±14.8 | 48.7±16.2 | 63.1±12.1 | 48.8±16.2 | 63.7±14 | 48.9±16.3 | 51±21.7 |
| Incubation period day | 3.7±4.2 | 3±2.8 | 3.7±4.2 | 3.1±3.1 | 3.6±4.1 | 3.3±7.5 | 3.6±4.1 | 12.7±16.3 |
| Temperature on admission °C | 37.4±0.9 | 37.3±0.8 | 37.4±0.9 | 37.3±0.9 | 37.4±0.9 | 37.2±1 | 37.4±0.9 | 36.6±0.2 |
| Respiratory rate on admission breath·min−1 | 21.2±12.1 | 21.2±3 | 21.3±12.1 | 20.2±1.6 | 21.3±12.1 | 19±2.8 | 21.3±12 | 19±1 |
| Heart rate beat·min−1 | 88.7±14.6 | 86.3±13.2 | 88.7±14.6 | 89.4±13.1 | 88.7±14.6 | 89.1±12.5 | 88.7±14.6 | 91±18.5 |
| Systolic pressure on admission mmHg | 126.1±16.4 | 124.8±14.7 | 126±16.4 | 128.3±14.5 | 125.9±16.3 | 135.4±20.5 | 126.1±16.4 | 127.3±7.4 |
| Diastolic pressure on admission mmHg | 79.6±25.7 | 78.3±13 | 79.5±25.7 | 81.2±8.8 | 79.5±25.7 | 79.8±14 | 79.5±25.6 | 84.7±15 |
| Highest temperature °C | 38.3±1.5 | 37.6±4.4 | 38.3±1.6 | 38.5±0.9 | 38.3±1.6 | 38.5±0.5 | 38.3±1.6 | 38±0.5 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 885/1550 (57.1) | 19/28 (67.9) | 893/1560 (57.2) | 11/18 (61.1) | 891/1559 (57.2) | 13/19 (68.4) | 904/1575 (57.4) | 0/3 (0) |
| Female | 665/1550 (42.9) | 9/28 (32.1) | 667/1560 (42.8) | 7/18 (38.9) | 668/1559 (42.8) | 6/19 (31.6) | 671/1575 (42.6) | 3/3 (100) |
| Smoking status | ||||||||
| Never/unknown | 1454/1562 (93.1) | 25/28 (89.3) | 1465/1572 (93.2) | 14/18 (77.8) | 1459/1569 (93) | 20/21 (95.2) | 1477/1587 (93.1) | 2/3 (66.7) |
| Former/current | 108/1562 (6.9) | 3/28 (10.7) | 107/1572 (6.8) | 4/18 (22.2) | 110/1569 (7) | 1/21 (4.8) | 110/1587 (6.9) | 1/3 (33.3) |
| Symptoms | ||||||||
| Fever | 1326/1508 (87.9) | 25/28 (89.3) | 1335/1519 (87.9) | 16/17 (94.1) | 1334/1516 (88) | 17/20 (85) | 1348/1533 (87.9) | 3/3 (100) |
| Conjunctival congestion | 9/1323 (0.7) | 1/22 (4.5) | 10/1330 (0.8) | 0/15 (0) | 10/1328 (0.8) | 0/17 (0) | 10/1343 (0.7) | 0/2 (0) |
| Nasal congestion | 73/1277 (5.7) | 0/22 (0) | 71/1285 (5.5) | 2/14 (14.3) | 73/1282 (5.7) | 0/17 (0) | 73/1297 (5.6) | 0/2 (0) |
| Headache | 202/1306 (15.5) | 3/22 (13.6) | 203/1314 (15.4) | 2/14 (14.3) | 203/1311 (15.5) | 2/17 (11.8) | 205/1326 (15.5) | 0/2 (0) |
| Dry cough | 1037/1472 (70.4) | 15/26 (57.7) | 1039/1481 (70.2) | 13/17 (76.5) | 1037/1479 (70.1) | 15/19 (78.9) | 1050/1495 (70.2) | 2/3 (66.7) |
| Pharyngodynia | 188/1294 (14.5) | 6/23 (26.1) | 193/1303 (14.8) | 1/14 (7.1) | 191/1300 (14.7) | 3/17 (17.6) | 193/1315 (14.7) | 1/2 (50) |
| Productive cough | 508/1401 (36.3) | 5/23 (21.7) | 504/1408 (35.8) | 9/16 (56.3) | 505/1407 (35.9) | 8/17 (47.1) | 512/1421 (36) | 1/3 (33.3) |
| Fatigue | 570/1340 (42.5) | 14/25 (56) | 577/1349 (42.8) | 7/16 (43.8) | 581/1350 (43) | 3/15 (20) | 583/1363 (42.8) | 1/2 (50) |
| Haemoptysis | 16/1293 (1.2) | 0/22 (0) | 15/1299 (1.2) | 1/16 (6.3) | 16/1300 (1.2) | 0/15 (0) | 16/1313 (1.2) | 0/2 (0) |
| Shortness of breath | 321/1370 (23.4) | 10/24 (41.7) | 323/1377 (23.5) | 8/17 (47.1) | 321/1375 (23.3) | 10/19 (52.6) | 330/1392 (23.7) | 1/2 (50) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 78/1349 (5.8) | 2/22 (9.1) | 78/1355 (5.8) | 2/16 (12.5) | 79/1351 (5.8) | 1/20 (5) | 80/1369 (5.8) | 0/2 (0) |
| Diarrhoea | 55/1337 (4.1) | 2/22 (9.1) | 57/1343 (4.2) | 0/16 (0) | 56/1339 (4.2) | 1/20 (5) | 56/1356 (4.1) | 1/3 (33.3) |
| Myalgia/arthralgia | 232/1316 (17.6) | 2/22 (9.1) | 231/1322 (17.5) | 3/16 (18.8) | 233/1323 (17.6) | 1/15 (6.7) | 233/1336 (17.4) | 1/2 (50) |
| Chill | 161/1310 (12.3) | 2/23 (8.7) | 162/1318 (12.3) | 1/15 (6.7) | 161/1317 (12.2) | 2/16 (12.5) | 163/1331 (12.2) | 0/2 (0) |
| Signs | ||||||||
| Throat congestion | 21/1264 (1.7) | 0/22 (0) | 20/1271 (1.6) | 1/15 (6.7) | 21/1271 (1.7) | 0/15 (0) | 20/1284 (1.6) | 1/2 (50) |
| Tonsil swelling | 30/1353 (2.2) | 1/23 (4.3) | 30/1359 (2.2) | 1/17 (5.9) | 30/1356 (2.2) | 1/20 (5) | 31/1373 (2.3) | 0/3 (0) |
| Enlargement of lymph nodes | 2/1352 (0.1) | 0/23 (0) | 2/1359 (0.1) | 0/16 (0) | 2/1355 (0.1) | 0/20 (0) | 2/1372 (0.1) | 0/3 (0) |
| Rash | 3/1355 (0.2) | 0/23 (0) | 3/1361 (0.2) | 0/17 (0) | 3/1360 (0.2) | 0/18 (0) | 3/1376 (0.2) | 0/2 (0) |
| Unconsciousness | 19/1397 (1.4) | 1/24 (4.2) | 20/1404 (1.4) | 0/17 (0) | 20/1401 (1.4) | 0/20 (0) | 20/1418 (1.4) | 0/3 (0) |
| Abnormal chest image | ||||||||
| Radiograph | 240/1562 (15.4) | 3/28 (10.7) | 239/1572 (15.2) | 4/18 (22.2) | 240/1569 (15.3) | 3/21 (14.3) | 243/1587 (15.3) | 0/3 (0) |
| Computed tomography | 1111/1562 (71.1) | 19/28 (67.9) | 1113/1572 (70.8) | 17/18 (94.4) | 1116/1569 (71.1) | 14/21 (66.7) | 1127/1587 (71) | 3/3 (100) |
| Hubei | ||||||||
| Yes | 638/1562 (40.8) | 9/28 (32.1) | 635/1572 (40.4) | 12/18 (66.7) | 631/1569 (40.2) | 16/21 (76.2) | 645/1587 (40.6) | 2/3 (66.7) |
| No | 924/1562 (59.2) | 19/28 (67.9) | 937/1572 (59.6) | 6/18 (33.3) | 938/1569 (59.8) | 5/21 (23.8) | 942/1587 (59.4) | 1/3 (33.3) |
| Wuhan contacted | ||||||||
| Yes | 1312/1562 (84) | 22/28 (78.6) | 1316/1572 (83.7) | 18/18 (100) | 1316/1569 (83.9) | 18/21 (85.7) | 1331/1587 (83.9) | 3/3 (100) |
| No | 250/1562 (16) | 6/28 (21.4) | 256/1572 (16.3) | 0/18 (0) | 253/1569 (16.1) | 3/21 (14.3) | 256/1587 (16.1) | 0/3 (0) |
| Severity | 245/1562 (15.7) | 9/28 (32.1) | 245/1572 (15.6) | 9/18 (50) | 246/1569 (15.7) | 8/21 (38.1) | 253/1587 (15.9) | 1/3 (33.3) |
| Composite end-point | 128/1562 (8.2) | 3/28 (10.7) | 124/1572 (7.9) | 7/18 (38.9) | 125/1569 (8) | 6/21 (28.6) | 130/1587 (8.2) | 1/3 (33.3) |
| Deaths | 49/1562 (3.1) | 1/28 (3.6) | 47/1572 (3.0) | 3/18 (16.7) | 45/1569 (2.9) | 5/21 (23.8) | 50/1587 (3.2) | 0/3 (0) |
| Admission to ICU | 98/1562 (6.3) | 1/28 (3.6) | 94/1572 (6.0) | 5/18 (27.8) | 98/1569 (6.2) | 1/21 (4.8) | 98/1587 (6.2) | 1/3 (33.3) |
| Invasive ventilation | 48/1562 (3.1) | 2/28 (7.1) | 48/1562 (3.1) | 2/18 (11.1) | 49/1569 (3.1) | 1/21 (4.8) | 50/1587 (3.2) | 0/3 (0) |
Data are mean±sd, n/N (%), where N is the total number of patients with available data. ICU: intensive care unit.