Characteristics of included studies
| First author (year) [ref.] | Participants# n | Mean±sd age years | Mean±sd haemoglobin g·dL−1 | Mean haematocrit % | Study location | Altitude m | Ethnicity |
| Vargas (2006) [16] (young CMS) | 30 | 22.3±4.3 | 19.5±0.7 | La Paz, Bolivia | 3600 | Aymara | |
| Vargas (2006) [16] (old CMS) | 28 | 46.7±7.1 | 24±2.3 | La Paz, Bolivia | 3600 | Aymara | |
| Maignan (2009) [14] | 55 | 45±10 | 23.1±1.6 | Cerro Pasco, Peru | 4300 | Quechua | |
| Stuber (2010) [8] | 30 | 47±13 | 21.5±1.7 | 66 | La Paz, El Alto, Bolivia | 3600 | Aymara |
| Pratali (2012) [4] | 15 | 54±9 | 21.7±1.3 | 66 | La Paz, Bolivia | 3600 | Aymara |
| Groepenhoff (2012) [17] | 13 | 50±10.8 | 24±3.6 | Cerro Pasco, Peru | 4350 | Quechua | |
| Pratali (2013) [3] | 46 | 51±10 | 21.5±2 | 63.3 | La Paz, Bolivia | 3600 | Aymara |
| Dedobbeleer (2015) [15] | 12 | 51±10 | 24±2 | Cerro Pasco, Peru | 4350 | Quechua | |
| Brenner (2015) [11] | 35 | 52.4±11.9 | 21.6±2.1 | 62.5 | La Paz, Bolivia | 3600 | Aymara |
| Rexhaj (2016) [12] | 23 | 52.8±9.8 | 21.7±1.3 | 66.9 | La Paz, Bolivia | 3600 | Aymara |
CMS: chronic mountain sickness. #: all participants were male.