Resting functional characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)–heart failure (HF) patients separated by the presence or not of aerobic dysfunction based on a low or preserved change in oxygen uptake (ΔV′O2)/change in work rate (ΔWR), respectively
| Preserved ΔV′O2/ΔWR | Low ΔV′O2/ΔWR | |
| Subjects | 24 | 27 |
| Lung function | ||
| FEV1 L (% pred) | 1.64±0.48 (57±15) | 1.58±0.54 (58±13) |
| FVC L (% pred) | 3.05±0.59 (80±12) | 2.96±0.68 (76±13) |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.52±0.12 | 0.54±0.14 |
| IC % pred | 83±14 | 69±16* |
| TLC % pred | 96±11 | 86±14 |
| FRC % pred | 139±19 | 151±17 |
| RV % pred | 131±34 | 143±42 |
| IC/TLC | 0.41±5 | 0.35±6* |
| RV/TLC | 0.46±0.08 | 0.47±0.07 |
| TLCO % pred | 56±17 | 40±14* |
| Arterial blood gases | ||
| pH | 7.42±0.04 | 7.40±0.04 |
| HCO3− mmol·L−1 | 22.8±1.9 | 24.1±3.0 |
| PaCO2 mmHg | 35.3±4.1 | 33.3±2.8 |
| PaO2 mmHg | 73.9±9.5 | 78.7±9.2 |
| SaO2 % | 93.2±2.1 | 95.8±1.9 |
| Echocardiogram | ||
| LVEF % | 36±9 | 33±8 |
| Diastolic dysfunction (0/I:II/III) | 10:11 | 10:13 |
| LVEDD mm | 57±7 | 66±5* |
| LVMI g·m−2 | 130±54 | 132±41 |
| LA mm | 43±5 | 46±2 |
| RV mm | 25±7 | 28±6 |
| PASP mmHg | 42±14 | 44±11 |
| TAPSE mm | 16±4 | 17±3 |
Data are presented as n or mean±sd. FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; IC: inspiratory capacity; TLC: total lung capacity; FRC: functional residual capacity; RV: residual volume; TLCO: transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide; pH: hydrogen-ionic potential; HCO3−: bicarbonate; PaCO2: arterial carbon dioxide tension; PaO2: arterial oxygen tension; SaO2: arterial oxygen saturation; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVMI: left ventricular mass index; LA: left atrium; RV: right ventricle; PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure; TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion. *: p<0.05.