Risk factors associated with the occurrence of side-effects#
| Proportion with side-effects¶ n/N (%) | p-value for Chi-squared test | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
| Age years | |||
| ≤60 | 219/1273 (17.20) | 0.039 | Reference |
| >60 | 244/1193 (20.45) | 1.20 (0.97–1.47) | |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 238/1121 (21.23) | 0.004 | Reference |
| Male | 225/1345 (16.73) | 0.73 (0.53–0.99) | |
| BMI kg·m−2 | |||
| <18.5 | 16/67 (23.88) | 0.059 | |
| 18.5– <24 | 211/1019 (20.72) | ||
| 24– <28 | 172/961 (17.90) | ||
| ≥28 | 64/419 (15.27) | ||
| ptrend | 0.014 | 0.94 (0.91–0.97) | |
| Ever-smoker | |||
| No | 293/1457 (20.11) | 0.041 | Reference |
| Yes | 170/1007 (16.85) | 0.99 (0.71–1.38) | |
| Current alcohol drinking | |||
| No | 327/1701 (19.22) | 0.395 | |
| Yes | 136/765 (17.78) | ||
| Pulmonary fibrotic lesions | |||
| No | 451/2416 (18.67) | 0.068 | |
| Yes | 11/36 (30.56) | ||
| Fasting blood glucose mmol·L−1 | |||
| ≤7 | 434/2295 (18.91) | 0.528 | |
| >7 | 29/171 (16.96) | ||
| History of silicosis | |||
| No | 449/2409 (18.64) | 0.257 | |
| Yes | 14/57 (24.56) | ||
| Concomitant with other drugs | |||
| No | 346/2066 (16.75) | <0.001 | Reference |
| Yes | 117/400 (29.25) | 2.12 (1.65–2.71) |
BMI: body mass index. #: side-effects were identified and graded by physicians using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 4.0); ¶: the events in the two intervention groups were pooled for this analysis.